第七节 虚拟语气VIP免费

第七节虚拟语气简要说明：虚拟语气是学生反复学习却难以掌握的问题，所以也是各类英语考试的热点。学习者必须把各种类型的虚拟语气结构各记住一个或两个例句，再做大量练习，方可解决虚拟语气这个语法难点。1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用Ⅰ、虚拟语气现在时的句型是：从句：If+主语+动词过去式(be变were)+…，主句：主语+would(should,could,might)+动词原形+…表示纯然假设或实现的可能性不大的情况:Ifshewere20yearsyounger,shewouldmarrythemillionaire.IfhewenttoBeijingtoday,hewouldbuyyouanewbicycle.Ⅱ、虚拟语气将来时的句型是：从句：If+主语+should(或wereto)+动词原型+…主句：主语+would（should，could，might）+动词原形+…表示对未来事实实现的可能性不大的虚拟语气，记住例句：Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldgivehimthedictionarythatheneeds.IfMr.Liweretodotheexperimentnextweek,hemightreadtheinstructionscarefully.Ⅲ、虚拟语气过去时的结构是：从句：If+主语+过去完成式(haddone\hadbeendone)…主句：主语+would(或should,could,might)+完成式…表示对过去没有发生过的情况的假设:Ifhehadstudiedharder,hewouldhavepassedtheEnglishtest.Ifshehadcomeearlieryesterday,shewouldhaveseenherson.大部分学生对上述一般虚拟条件句型比较熟悉，而本单元强调的是下述难点，学生应仔细理解，认真记住每一项的一两个例句。Ifhewereto(should)beelectednextyear,hewouldhavetoshowthatheisloyaltothepeopleofhiscountry.Iftheydidnotleaveatonce,theywouldn’tbeabletocatchthetrain.Ifthepolicemanhadarrivedearlier,hewouldhaveseentheaccident.二、含蓄条件句有时，假设的情况不是用条件句来表示，而是用without，intheabsenceof,butfor等引导的介词短语或butthat，but，or（else），otherwise等并列连词引导的并列句或在上下文或对话的情景中隐含着某种假设的情况。这时，应根据情况判断虚拟语气是现在时、过去时还是将来时,进而决定采用哪种对应的虚拟语气形式。例如：1.Iwasinahurrythatday;otherwiseIwouldhavestoppedtotalktoyou.(=IfIhadnotbeeninahurrythatday,Iwouldhave...)2.Youcouldhaveavoidedmakingsuchamistake,butyoudidn’ttakeheradvice.(=Ifyouhadtakenheradvice,youcouldhave...)3.Suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided.(=Ifwehadbeenmorecareful,suchmistakes...)4.Itwouldbewrongnottotakethisintoconsideration.(Ifwedidnottakethisintoconsideration,itwouldbewrong.)5.“IwashopingtoaskJohntoteachmetoplaytheguitarbeforeheleft.”“I'msurehe’dhavebeengladtoteachyou.”(=Ifhehadnotleft,he'dhavebeengladto...)6.Butforhishelp/Withouthim,Ishouldhavefailed.7.Butthatwehadanaccident,wemighthavecomeearlier.8.Awiserfatherwouldneverneglecttheeducationofhischildren.9.Intheabsenceofwaterandair,mancouldnotlivelong.10.Butforhisselflesshelp,wewouldhavebeencapturedaliveyesterday.试做下列选择题1._____thetruth,hewouldn’thavelentheranymoney.A.JackhasknownB.DidJackknewC.ShouldJackknowD.HadJackknown2.Givenmoretimeandmoney,he____itbetterthanwhatitis.A.didB.haddoneC.couldhavedoneD.woulddo3.Thiskindofworkishardanddangerous.But___youwouldbecomerich.A.wouldyousucceedB.couldyousucceedC.mightyousucceedD.shouldyousucceed4.Anymaninhisposition＿＿likethat．A.havedoneB.wouldhavedoneC.wouldbedoneD.wouldbedoing5.He____youmorehelp,buthehasbeensobusy.A.cangiveB.wouldhavegivenC.couldnotgiveD.oughttogive6.IwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastnightifI_____tostayathome.A.wasnotaskedB.hadnotbeenaskedC.shouldnotbeaskedD.werenotasked正确答案：1.Ｄ2.Ｃ3.Ｄ4.Ｂ5.B6.B三、错综时间条件句中的虚拟语气在“简要说明”中所讲的一般虚拟条件句，主句和条件状语从句所表示的动作或状态都是发生在同一时间。但有时，条件状语从句和主句所表示的动作...