(数学必修4)第二章平面向量[综合训练B组]一、选择题1.下列命题中正确的是()A.OAOBAB�B.0ABBA�C.00AB��D.ABBCCDAD�2.设点(2,0)A,(4,2)B,若点P在直线AB上,且AB�2AP�,则点P的坐标为()A.(3,1)B.(1,1)C.(3,1)或(1,1)D.无数多个3.若平面向量b与向量)2,1(a的夹角是o180,且53||b,则b()A.)6,3(B.)6,3(C.)3,6(D.)3,6(4.向量(2,3)a,(1,2)b,若mab与2ab平行,则m等于A.2B.2C.21D.125.若,ab是非零向量且满足(2)aba,(2)bab,则a与b的夹角是()A.6B.3C.32D.656.设3(,sin)2a,1(cos,)3b,且//ab,则锐角为()A.030B.060C.075D.045二、填空题1.若||1,||2,abcab,且ca,则向量a与b的夹角为.2.已知向量(1,2)a,(2,3)b,(4,1)c,若用a和b表示c,则c=____。3.若1a,2b,a与b的夹角为060,若(35)ab()mab,则m的值为.4.若菱形ABCD的边长为2,则ABCBCD�__________。5.若a=)3,2(,b=)7,4(,则a在b上的投影为________________。三、解答题1.求与向量(1,2)a,(2,1)b夹角相等的单位向量c的坐标.用心爱心专心12.试证明:平行四边形对角线的平方和等于它各边的平方和.3.设非零向量,,,abcd,满足()()dacbabc,求证:ad4.已知(cos,sin)a,(cos,sin)b,其中0.(1)求证:ab与ab互相垂直;(2)若kab与akb的长度相等,求的值(k为非零的常数).第二章平面向量[综合训练B组]答案一、选择题1.D起点相同的向量相减,则取终点,并指向被减向量,OAOBBA�;用心爱心专心2,ABBA�是一对相反向量,它们的和应该为零向量,0ABBA�2.C设(,)Pxy,由AB�2AP�得2ABAP�,或2ABAP�,(2,2),(2,)ABAPxy�,即(2,2)2(2,),3,1,xyxy(3,1)P;(2,2)2(2,),1,1,xyxy(1,1)P3.A设(,2),0bkakkk,而53||b,则2535,3,(3,6)kkb4.D(2,3)(1,2)(21,32)mabmmmm2(2,3)(2,4)(4,1)ab,则121128,2mmm5.B22222211220,20,,,cos2aabaabbababababa6.D0031sincos,sin21,290,4523二、填空题1.0120221()0,0,cos2abaabaaababab,或画图来做2.(2,1)设cxayb,则(,2)(2,3)(2,23)(4,1)xxyyxyxy24,231,2,1xyxyxy3.238(35)ab22()3(53)50mabmamabb03(53)2cos60540,823mmm4.22ABCBCDABBCCDACCDAD�5.65513cos65abab三、解答题1.解:设(,)cxy,则cos,cos,,acbc用心爱心专心3得22221xyxyxy,即2222xy或2222xy22(,)22c或22(,)222.证明:记,,ABaADb�则,ACab�,DBab�222222()()22ACDBababab�222222ACDBab�3.证明:[()()]()()()adaacbabcacababca()()()()0acabacabad4.(1)证明:222222()()(cossin)(cossin)0abababab与ab互相垂直(2)ka(coscos,sinsin)bkk;ak(coscos,sinsin)bkk212cos()kabkk212cos()akbkk而2212cos()12cos()kkkkcos()0,2用心爱心专心4