UnitSixDictionaryPassageOne1.MydictionaryneverbecameverylargeandafterawhileIturnedtomakingafootballscrapbooklikemostotherchildrenofmyage,butforafewmonthsIputsomeeffortinattempttooutdotheOxfordEnglish.我的词典一直没办法变得很大，所以一段时间后我就跟我的同龄儿童一样转而编写足球剪贴簿。但有几个月，我努力想超过《牛津英语词典》。2.Whenawordoccursinsuchphrases,theyareeitherindicatedinadictionaryentryortheyhaveentriestothemselves.当词出现在这样的短语中时，它们要么在词典的条目中标出，要么单独列为词条。3.Irewordedthemofcourse-evenatthetenderageof12,Iwasintuitivelyawareofthedangerofplagiarism-butIsawmyroleasoneofcollatingthewisdomofpreviouslexicographers.当然我进行了改写——甚至是在12岁这么一个幼小的年龄，我从直觉上就意识到剽窃的危害。可是我只是起到了整理以前词典编纂家智慧的作用。4.Nowthatallthesenewdescriptivefacts,includingwordfrequencies,commonpatternsofcollocationetc.,areatourdisposal,itisself-evidentthattheyshouldberecordedinthedictionarytoreflectaccuratelythestateofthecontemporarylanguage.既然所以这些新的统计数据已经在手，包括词频、常见词语搭配形式等，将他们收录在词典里准确地反映当代语言的状况也是理所当然的。5.ThismeansweareinbetterpositionthaneverbeforetoprovideadescriptionofEnglishthatreliablycorrespondstothewaythatpeoplespeakandwritethelanguage.这意味着我们现在处在比以往任何时候都更优越的地位，能够可靠地对英语进行描述，并与人们说或写这种语言的方式保持一致。PassageTwo1.Thereweresaidtobesomethingliketwomillionoftheseslipsalreadycollected,tiedtogetherinroughorder,nodoubtcoveredindustandlint,curledandyellow,andperhapsevencrumblingthemselveswithageanddecrepitude.据说这些纸条研究收集了两百万条，粗略分类后捆在一起，不要说已经布满了飞尘。有的纸条已经卷曲发黄，有的因年久而破碎。2.Ourproblemwasthatreadershadneverbotheredtoconsiderwithmuchenthusiasmwhatmightbecalledtheordinarywordsofthelanguage-theyhadsuccumbedtoanunderstandabletemptationtosendinslipsforinterestingwords,butnotfortheprosaicones.问题之一是：志愿阅读者对于所谓“普通词语”的热情关注向来就不高；他们总是受到某种诱惑力的吸引，寄来一些令人感兴趣的词汇的引语，而不是日常词汇的引语。3.Takespecialnoteofpassageswhichshoworsimplethatawordiseithernewandtentative,orneedingexplanationasobsoleteandarchaic,andwhichthushelptofixthedateofitsintroductionordisuse.有些段落要特别注意：它能显示一个词刚刚开始试用，或由于古老、过时而需要解释，这样的段落有助于确定那个词被引进或停止使用的时间。4.Onehastoassume,ifunkindly,thatthoselivingundertheheeloffirmlyprescriptivelinguisticauthoritieswerealittleunsurehowprudentitmightbetoreadforabookthatwouldbesowidelydifferentinitsconstitutionfromthosetheywereusedto.人们不禁会不太友善地猜测，这是由于坚持规定学语言学观点的权威学者的影响。在这些地方的人们也许囤于原来的习惯，对于为编写完全不同的词典进行文献阅读该如何审慎小心抱有一定的犹豫态度。5.Thesub-editorswhodidallthesecheckingwouldpintogethertheslipsthatfedintoeachcategoryofmeaningandattachwiththesamepinapieceofpaperthatshowedafirstattemptatadefinitionofwhattheslips’quotationsappearedtoshowthewordtomean.助理编辑把所有的核对做完后，用一根别针把属于同一类词义的纸条别在一起，并且根据引语所显示的词义，尝试写出定义的初稿，把初稿定义的纸条也别在这小捆纸条上。UnitSevenEducationandemploymentPassageone1.FourteenyearsofhighereducationandahandfulofIvyLeaguedegrees,andthereIwas,stiffandstupid,struckdumbbymyowndumbness.“Ivyretardation,”afriendofminecallsthis.1.我...
