Period4TaskImportantphrases1.记在心上2.以……形式3.由于，因为4.依靠，依赖5.是……的家园6.导致……7.导致，通向8.集中，关注9.去除，清除10.缺乏干净的饮用水11.装备有…储备有…12.在进行中Languagefocus1.Chinajoinedtheconventionin1997andhastakenmanystepstostoptheprocessofdesertification,includingencouragingfarmerstobuildfences(whichstopwindfromblowingthedirtaway),andprovidingmoneyforpeopleindryareastoplantmoretreesandbushes.中国于1997年加入了该组织,并采取了很多措施以阻止沙漠化的进程,其中包括鼓励农民建起篱笆(用以防止土壤被风冲走)和向干旱地区的人们提供资金以种植更多的树林和灌木。句中including为介词，其后的encouraging和providing分别引导了动名词短语作介词including的宾语。▲takestepstodosth.采取步骤以达到某种目的。Thegovernmentstakingstepstocontroltherisingunemploymentrate.政府正采取措施，控制不断上升的失业率。短语链接:watchone’sstep谨慎地做事或行动。stepbystep一步一步地，逐步地；逐渐地takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事You’llbeintroubleifyoudon’twatchyourstep.WecanpracticeourspokenEnglishstepbystep.▲includingprep.包括某人/物在内用心爱心专心Ihavetopreparefoodforsevenpeopleincludingme.我必须准备包括我在内的7个人的餐点。拓展：includev.包括inclusionn.包括containv.包含分辨异同：contain,include与hold(1)contain侧重包含的内容或成分。(2)include侧重作为整体的一部分或要素。(3)hold侧重指能盛、能容纳。Thisbookcontainstheinformationyouneed.我们十个城市的旅行包括到伦敦游览。Ourten-citytourincludedavisittoLondon.Howmanystudentsdoestheclassroomhold?▲encouragev.鼓励，鼓舞短语链接encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事encouragesb.insth..鼓励某人/助长某人……经典回放Myadvisorencouragedasummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.A.formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotake▲stop/prevent/keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事stop/prevent/keepsth.frombeingdone阻止某事的发生allow/permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事提示：stopsb.fromdoingsth.防止（阻止）某人做某事，其中的form可省略，但在keepsb.fromdoingsth.中from不可省略。因为keepsb.doingsth.的意义是“使某人做某事”，与keepsb.fromdoingsth,正相反。Hislazinesskepthimfrompassingtheexam.他的懒惰使他没能通过考试。Hekeptaskingsuchsillyquestions.他总是问这类愚蠢的问题。▲providev.为某人提供某物，供给某人某物Thegovernmentprovidedfoodandclothesto/forthesuffers.=Thegovernmentprovidedwith.用心爱心专心Theschoolsuppliesthestudentswithfreebreakfast.=Theschoolsuppliesto.特别提示：provided/providing(that)……“倘若；在……情况或条件下；假若”。I’llagreetogoprovided/providing(that)myexpensespaid.倘若为我负担费用我就去。Providedwegetgoodweatheritwillbeasuccessfulholiday.如天气好，我们的假日将过得非常好。短语链接supplysb.withsth.=supplysth.to.sb.向某人提供某事物offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.主动给予某人某物经典回放—Whydidyouleavethatposition?—IabetterpositionatIBM.A.offerB.offeredC.amofferedD.wasoffered2.Theseincludebettermanagementofareasthatarelikelytoturnintodesertandtrainingpeopleinresponsiblewaterusage.这些包括在有可能变成沙漠的地区更合理地利用土地和培训人们用水。▲likelyadj.有可能的possible,probable与likely三者都表可能，但引导不同的句式；Itispossible/probable/likely+that……Itispossibleto…(不定式充当主语)sth./sb.belikelytodo…Heislikelytodolate.I’llhelpyouifpossible.Itisprobablethatitwillraintonight.Project3.Norisitgoodnewsforthefishandwildlifethatliveinoralongtheriver.▲含否定意义的副词如nor,neither,seldom,little,hardly,never等位于句首时，句子用倒...
