Thenormalstructureoftheeyeball第一页,共五十八页。第二页,共五十八页。Terms角膜:corneaCorne/o--,Cornea角膜,Megacornea大角膜,Microcornea小角膜,Kerat/o--,Keratitis角膜炎,Keratomalacia角膜软化症巩膜:scleraScler/o--,Scleritis巩膜炎,Episcleritis表层巩膜炎,Episclera巩膜上层〔epi--,beyondsomething〕,epidermis表皮,上皮Epidermal表皮的,外皮的第三页,共五十八页。虹膜:iris,Irid/o--,Iridotomy虹膜切开术,iridectomy虹膜切除术,iridocyclitis虹膜睫状体炎睫状体:ciliarybody脉络膜:choroid,Choroid/o--,choroidal脉络膜的,choroidoretinitis脉络膜视网膜炎视网膜:retin/oretinitis视网膜炎,retinopathy视网膜病变,diabeticretinopathy糖尿病视网膜病变瞳孔:pupil,Pupill/o--,pupillomotor瞳孔运动的,pupillometer瞳孔计玻璃体:vitreous,Vitre/o--,vitreous玻璃体的,Vitrectomy玻璃体切除术,Vitreretinal玻璃体视网膜的,Vitreretinopathy玻璃体视网膜病变晶状体:lens视盘:opticdisk黄斑:macular视神经:opticnerve中央凹:Fovea第四页,共五十八页。DiabeticretinopathyDefinitionCausesSymptomsRiskfactorsTestsanddiagnosisWhentoseekmedicaladviceComplicationsTreatmentsanddrugsPrevention第五页,共五十八页。DefinitionDiabeticretinopathyisacomplicationofdiabetesthatresultsfromdamagetothebloodvesselsofthelight-sensitivetissueatthebackoftheeye(retina).第六页,共五十八页。causeDiabeticretinopathycanhappentoanyonewhohastype1diabetesortype2diabetes.第七页,共五十八页。CausesWhenyouhavediabetes,yourbodydoesn'tusesugar(glucose)properly.第八页,共五十八页。CausesIfyourbloodsugarlevelistoohigh,yournaturallensmayswell—whichcanbluryourvision.第九页,共五十八页。CausesEventually,toomuchsugarinyourbloodcandamagethetinybloodvessels(capillaries毛细血管)thatnourishtheretina.Thiscanresultindiabeticretinopathy.capillary,Capill/o-,n.&adj.毛细管(的)Capillaritis毛细管炎第十页,共五十八页。SymptomsAtfirst,diabeticretinopathymaycausenosymptomsoronlymildvisionproblems.第十一页,共五十八页。SymptomsYoucanhavediabeticretinopathyandnotknowit.Infact,symptomsareunusualintheearlystagesofdiabeticretinopathy.第十二页,共五十八页。SymptomsEventually,however,diabeticretinopathycanresultinblindness.InChina,diabeticretinopathyisaleadingcauseofblindnessinadults.第十三页,共五十八页。symptomsInfact,upto45percentofadultsdiagnosedwithdiabetesinChinahavesomedegreeofdiabeticretinopathy,accordingtotheNationalEyeInstitute.第十四页,共五十八页。symptomsAndthelongeryouhavediabetes,themorelikelyyouaretodevelopdiabeticretinopathy.第十五页,共五十八页。SymptomsDiabeticretinopathyusuallyaffectsbotheyes.第十六页,共五十八页。SymptomsAstheconditionprogresses,diabeticretinopathysymptomsmayinclude:A)SpotsfloatinginyourvisionB)BlurredvisionC)DarkstreaksoraredfilmthatblocksyourvisionD)PoornightvisionE)Visionloss第十七页,共五十八页。Diabeticretinopathyisusuallyclassifiedasearlyoradvanced.Earlydiabeticretinopathy.Nonproliferativediabeticretinopathy(NPDR)isthemostcommontypeofdiabeticretinopathy.Itcanbedescribedasmild,moderateorsevere.NPDR:(NonProlifertiveDibeticRetinopthy)非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变第十八页,共五十八页。WhenyouhaveNPDR,thewallsofthebloodvesselsinyourretinaweaken.第十九页,共五十八页。Tinybulges〔凸起〕protrude〔伸入〕fromthevesselwalls,sometimesleakingoroozingfluidandbloodintotheretina.Thesebulgesarecalledmicroaneurysms.Microaneurysms:微动脉瘤,微...