英语语音练习题及答案【篇一：英语语音学课后问答题答案】themakingof(1)/t,d/p57/t/isavoicelessalveolarplosiveconsonant/d/isavoicedalveolarplosiveconsonant/t/thetopofthetongueisraisedtotouchtheteethridgeoralveolus,thesoftpalateisraised,sothatthenasalresonatorisshutoff.inthisway,aclosureisformedbetweenthetipofthetongueandtheteethridge.thentheairfromthelungiscompressedbehindthisclosureandthensuddenlyreleasetheclosure.thevocalfoldsareopenorwideapart,whilethevocalfoldsvibrateinproducingthesound/d/.(2)/s,z/p62/s/isavoicelessblade-alveolarfricativesound/z/isavoicedalveolarfricativeconsonantthesoftpalateisraised,sothatthenasalresonatorisshutoff.thetipandbladeofthetonguemakealightcontactwithupperteethridge.theairfromthelungescapesthroughthenarrowgrooveinthecenterofthetonguebetweentheteeth.(3)/n/p68/n/isavoicedalveolarnasalconsonanta.lowerthesoftpalatetoreleasetheairthroughthenose;b.putthetipofthetongueagainsttheupperfrontteeth-ridgeanduppersideteeth;c.keeptheteethslightlyparted;d.vibratethevocalcords.sothattheairstreamfromthelungescapesthroughthenarrowgrooveinthecenterofthetongueinproducingthesound.(4)/l/p65/l/isavoicedalveolarlateralconsonanta.closethenasalcavitybyraisingthesoftpalate;b.putthetipofthetongueagainsttheupperfrontteeth-ridgeforclear/l/,thefrontofthetonguebeingsomewhatdepressed;c.holdtheairinthemiddleofthemouth;d.forcetheairoutoverbothsidesoronesideofthetongue,makingalateralvoicedsound.2.classifythevowelsindifferentways.p16-17thepurevowelscanbeclassifiedaccordingtodifferent4principles.(2)accordingtothelengthofthevowels,theyaredividedintolongvowelsandshortvowels.thepurevowelsintranscriptionwithtwodotsarelongvowels.thediphthongsarealsolong.therestareshortones.(3)accordingtotheshapeofthelips,thevowelscanbedividedintoroundedvowelsanduounded(spread)vowels.theroundedvowelsare/?://u://?//?/andtherestareuoundedvowels.(4)accordingtothedegreeoftensenessofthemuscles,thepurevowelsareclassifiedastheeightdiphthongscanbeclassifiedasclosingdiphthongs/e?//a?//??//??//a?/.andcentringdiphthongs/??//e?//??/.3.classifytheconsonantsindifferentways.p17-18thereare24consonantsinenglish.theyareclassifiedaccordingtothreedifferentprinciples:1)thevibrationofthevocalfolds:thosewiththevibrationofthevocalcordsarecalledvoicedconsonants.thosewithoutthevibrationofthevocalcordsarecalledvoicelessorbreathedconsonants.2)placeofarticulation:i.e.,wheretheobstructionoftheairpassageisformed,theconsonantscanbedistinguishedasbilabial,labiodental,dental,alveolar,post-alveolar,palato-alveolar,palatal,velar,andglottalconsonants.3)mannerofarticulation:theycanbedistinguishedasplosives,fricatives,affricates,nasals,laterals,frictionlesscontinuantandsemi-vowels.4.howare/i:/and/i/produced?what’sthedifferencebetweenthem?p21-22/i:/:thefrontofthetongueisraisedtoaheightslightlybelowandbehindthefrontcloseposition;thelipsarespread;thetongueistense;thesiderimsmakeafirmcontactwiththeuppermolars;itisgenerallylong./i/:therpvowel/i/ispronouncedwithapartofthetonguenearertothecenterthantofront.itisraisedjustabovetheclose-midposition;thelipsarelooselyspread;thetongueislax;thesiderimsmakealightcontactwiththeuppermolars;itisgenerallyshort.thedifferenceisnotmerelythelengthofsound.thereisalsoadifferenceintonguepositionorquality.for/i:/thepartofthetonguethatishighestisthecentreofthe“front”whilefor/i/itisthehinderpartofthe“front”.5.what...
