PartFiveEnglishLiteratureoftheRomanticAge/PeriodIHistoricalBackgroundTheFrenchRevolution&TheIndustrialRevolutionIIIntroductionTheRomanticAgebeganin1798andcametoanendin1832.In1798WilliamWordsworthandhisfriendSamuelTaylorColeridgepublishedtheirjointworkLyricalBallads.ThepublicationofLyricalBalladsmarkedthebreakwiththeclassicismandthebeginningoftheRomanticAge.In1832,thelastromanticwriterWalterScottdied,sointhatyear,theRomanticAgecametoanend.Theromanticistspaidgreatattentiontothespiritualandemotionallifeofman,fortheageofromanticismwasinessenceintenselyemotionalandfullofenthusiasticpassionsforthebettermentofman.TheyfrequentlyindulgedthemselvesintheuseofthepersonificationofNatureintheirworks.IIlLiteraryCharacteristicsoftheAgeThisageisanageofromanticenthusiasm.Itisprimarilyanageofpoetry.ThegloryoftheageisseeninthepoetryofWordsworth,Coleridge,Byron,ShelleyandKeats.Womenasnovelistsappearedinthisage.Itwasduringthisperiodthatwomenassumed,forthefirsttime,animportantplaceinEnglishliterature.Mrs.AnneRadcliff（以写浪漫主义的哥特小说见长。被沃尔特•司各特称为“第一位写虚构浪漫主义小说的女诗人”。作品融恐怖、焦虑悬念的情景和浪漫主义情调于一体。wasoneofthemostsuccessfulwritersoftheschoolofexaggeratedromance.JaneAustenofferedushercharmingdescriptionsofeverydaylifeinherenduringwork.Theirworksraisedwomantothehighplaceinliteraturewhichshehaseversincemaintained.ThegreatesthistoricalnovelistWalterScottalsoappearedinthisperiod.Hishistoricalnovelscombinearomanticatmospherewitharealisticdepictionofhistoricalbackgroundandcommonpeople'slife.Scottmarkedthetransitionfromromanticismtotheperiodofrealismwhichfollowedit.RomanticproseoftheperiodwasrepresentedbyLamb,Hazlitt,DeQuinceyandHume.Lambwasthebestessayist,whosefamiliaressays(小品文areveryfamous.LiteraryRepresentatives1.WilliamWordsworth(1770--18501LifeWilliamWordsworth'slonganduneventfullifedividesitselfintofourperiods:aHischildhoodandyouthintheCumberlandHills,from1770--1787;baperiodofstormandstress(amovementwhichhappenedinGermanyinthe18thcentury,wherethewritersroseupagainsttheclassicists;thisperiodincludeshisuniversitylifeatCambridge,histravelsabroad,andhisrevolutionaryexperiencefrom1787--1797;cashortbutsignificantperiodoffindinghimselfandhisworksfrom1797--1799;dalongperiodofretirementinthenorthernlakeregion,whereforafullhalfcenturyhelivedsoclosetonaturethatherinfluenceisreflectedinallhispoetry.WilliamWordsworthwasbornandgrewupintheLakeDistrict,thebeautifulareaofmountains,lakes,andstreamsneartheScottishborderinnorthwestEngland.ThenaturalbeautyandgrandeurofthisareawasamajorsourceofinspirationforWordsworththroughouthislife.Hismotherdiedwhenhewaseight.Whenhewasthirteenhisfatherdied.Hewasagreatpoetofnature.Hewasmade“PoetLaureate”(桂冠诗人in1843.Wordsworthlivedalonglife.Hediedin1850whenhewas80yearsold.2TheRomanticpoetsWilliamWordsworth,SamuelTaylorColeridgeandRobertSoutheyarecalledLakers,orLakePoets(湖畔派诗人inEnglishliteraturebecausetheylivedforatimeinthelakedistrictinthenorth-westernpartofEnglandandtheyoftendescribedthebeautifulscenesandthecountrypeopleofthatarea.3LyricalBalladsThisisthejointworkofWordsworthandhisfriendColeridge.ThemajorityofpoemsinthiscollectionwerewrittenbyWordsworth,andthepoemsinLyricalBalladsarecharacterizedbyasympathywiththepoor,simplepeasants,apassionateloveofnatureandthesimplicityandpurityofthelanguage.ThepublicationofLyric...
