1第4章土的压缩性及固结理论基本内容这是本课程的重点
在学习土的压缩性指标确定方法的基础上,掌握地基最终沉降量计算原理和地基固结问题的分析计算方法
学习要求:1
掌握土的压缩性与压缩性指标确定方法;2.掌握有效应力原理;3.掌握太沙基一维固结理论;4
1概述(outline)土在自重应力或附加应力作用下,地基土要产生附加变形,包括体积变形和形状变形
对于土来说,体积变形通常表现为体积缩小
我们把这种在外力作用下土体积缩小得特性称为土的压缩性(compressibility)
Itiswellrecognizedthatthedeformationswillbeinducedingroundsoilunderself-weightornetcontactpressure
Theload-inducedsoildeformationscanbedividedintovolumetricdeformationanddeviatoricdeformation(namely,angulardistortionordeformationinshape)
Thevolumetricdeformationismainlycausedbythenormalstress,whichcompactthesoil,resultinginsoilcontractioninsteadofsoilfailure
Thedeviatoricdeformationiscausedbytheshearstress
Whentheshearstressislargeenough,shearfailureofthesoilwillbeinducedandsoildeformationwilldevelopcontinuously
Usuallyshearfailureoveralargeareaisnotallo