如果您喜欢这份文档，欢迎下载！祝成绩进步，学习愉快！如果您喜欢这份文档，欢迎下载！祝成绩进步，学习愉快！天津商业大学2018年研究生入学考试试题专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。PartILinguistics(100marks)I.Studyinglinguistics,wehavecomeacrossalotoftechnicalterms,someofwhicharelistedbelow.Pleasewriteoutthemostacceptabledefinitionsforeachofthem.(10%)a)language;b)linguistics;c)morphology:d)duality;如果您喜欢这份文档，欢迎下载！祝成绩进步，学习愉快！e)interculturalcommunication:f)sociolect;g)syntax;h)synonyms;i)pragmatics;j)speechcommunityII.Studyinglinguisticswehavebeenacquaintedwithmanylinguists,fiveofwhomarelistedbelow.Writeoutaphrasethatmaybestrepresenttheircontributionstolinguistics.（10%）a)EdwardSapir;b)NoamChomsky;c)M.A.K.Hallidayb)d)H.P.Grice;e)LeonardBloomfield专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第2页III.Linguisticsasaspecifieddisciplinehasitsowntechnicalwaysofoperation.Trytofilltheblankstodemonstrateyourtechnicalsenseoflinguistics.(15%)1.Pleasegivethecorrespondingsoundsegmentsaccordingtothedescriptions:voicelesslabiodentalfricative:a)________;voicedalveolarstop:b)_________front,close,short:c)__________2.Prescriptiveanddescriptiverepresenttwodifferenttypesoflinguisticstudy.Ifalinguisticstudyaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe如果您喜欢这份文档，欢迎下载！祝成绩进步，学习愉快！d)____________;ifthelinguisticstudyaimstolaydownrulesfor“correctandstandard”behaviorinusinglanguage,i.e.totellpeoplewhattheyshouldsayandwhattheyshouldnotsay,itissaidtobee)_________.Modernlinguisticsismostlyf)__________.3.Whatfunctionsdoeslanguageperform?Threemainfunctionsareoftenrecognizedoflanguage.Theg)___________function,alsoreferredtodifferentlyasthecognitive,orreferential,orpropositionalfunction,isassumedtobetheprimaryfunctionoflanguage.Theh)______________function,alsocalledthe专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第3页emotiveorattitudinalfunction,suppliesinformationabouttheuser’sfeelings,preferences,prejudices,andvalues.Andthei)____________function,also如果您喜欢这份文档，欢迎下载！祝成绩进步，学习愉快！referredtoastheinterpersonalfunction,servestoestablishandmaintainsocialrelationsbetweenpeople.4.Thereare4maximsinCooperativePrinciple,namely,themaximofj)__________,themaximofk)_________,themaximofl)__________andthemaximofmanner.5.Overthetimemanywordsremaininuse,buttheirmeaningshavechanged.Therearethreeprocessesofsemanticchange,namelysemanticm)______________,(whenthemeaningofawordbecomesbroader,forexample,thewordholiday,whichoriginallymeant“holyday”or“adayofreligioussignificance”,butnowitsignifiesanydayonwhichpeopledon’thavetowork);semanticn)_________________(whenthesemanticchangehasnarrowedthemeaningofsomewordswhicharestillusedinModernEnglish,forexample,girl,oncemeaning“youngpersonofeithersex”,nowrefersto“youngpersonofthefemalesex”)andsemantico)____________(whenawordundergoesachangeinmeaning,forexample,thewordinnreferstoasmallhotelorpub,usuallyanoldone,butnowawell-knownnicehotelmayuseinnasitsname).专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第4页IV.Tobeastudentoflinguistics,itisimportanttodevelopasenseofcriticalthinking.Pleaseanswerthefollowingquestionstodemonstrateyourcriticalpotentials.(35%)如果您...
