1/8whenwherewhy引导定语从句用法要点1.先行词表示时间、地点、原因,但关系词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时,应用关系代词that或which。如:I’llneverforgettheyear1976wasfullofsadness.(作语)我不会忘记充满悲哀的1976年。IregretthedaysIwastedinthewoods.(作语)我后悔在森林里虚度的日子。Thisisthefactoryproducescars.(作语)这就是那个生产小汽车的工厂。Thisisthefactoryhevisitedyesterday.(作语)这就是他昨天参观的工厂。Thisisthereasonisunreasonable.(作语)这是一个没道理的理由。Thisisthereasonheraised.(作语)这是他提出的理由。2.关系副词有时相当于“适当的介词+关系代词”。如:①where=in/onwhichThisistheroomhelives.这就是他住的房间。Icanseethedeskthereisabook.我能看见上面有一本书的那张桌子。②when=on/in/atwhichIstillremembertheyearIjoinedtheParty.我仍然记得入党的那一年。IstillrememberthedayIjoinedtheParty.我仍然记得入党的那一天。IstillrememberthedateIjoinedtheParty.我仍然记得入党的那个日子。Weshallneverthedayswhen/inwhichwelivedtogether.③why=forwhichThisisthereasonhewaskilled.这是他被杀害的原因。3.当point,situation等词作先行词表抽象的地点,其后常由where引导定语从句,where在定语从句中作地点状语。Canyouthinkoutasituationwherethiswordcanbeused?你能设想这个单词被使用的场合吗?Herillnesshasdevelopedtothepointwherenobodycancureher.她的病发展到没人能治的地步。2/8定语从句类似结构例析定语从句既是NMET命题的热点,又是中学英语教学中的重点和难点,其中有些句子是有关定语从句的,但也有些句子貌似定语从句而实际上是其它句型、句式,有的即使是定语从句却也截然不同。现将这些句子集中在一起进行对比并作简析,以供参考。1.(1)Thehouse,whoseroofwasdamaged,hasnowbeenrepaired.(2)Thehouse,theroofofwhichwasdamaged,hasnowbeenrepaired.析:句(1),(2)都是定语从句,whose=ofwhich,但whose必须在无定冠词the的名词前,而ofwhich常放在有定冠词the的名词后。2.(1)JohnisoneofthestudentswhoknowEnglish.(2)JohnistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoknowsEnglish.析:句(1)、(2)都是定语从句,在"the(only)oneof+复数名词+定语从句"结构中,先行词是one,而不是复数名词,故定语从句谓语动词用单数,但有"oneof+复数名词+定语从句"句型中,先行词是复数名词,故定语从句谓语动词用复数。3.(1)Hefailedintheexamagain,aswasexpected.(2)Hefailedintheexamagain,whichwasnotwhathehadexpected.(3)Hefailedintheexamagain,whichmadehisparentsangry.析:这三个句子都是非限定性定语从句,只是引导词不一样,而且as,which决不能互换。句中的as和which都是用来代替主句,而不是某个先行词。as可以放在句首,有"正如"之意,which不能放在句首,无"正如"之意。且定语从句是否定句时,用which而不用as。4.(1)I'llneverforgetthedays(that/which)Ispentwithhim.(2)I'llneverforgetthedaywhenIstayedwithhim.析:句(1)、(2)都是定语从句,但句(1)中先行词days在定语从句中作spent的宾语,故定语从句由关系代词that/which引导,也可省略。句(2)中先行词day在定语从句中作时间状语,故定语从句可由关系副词when或onwhich引导。5.(1)Givemethereasonwhyyouarelate.(2)Thereasonthathegaveuswasunacceptable.析:句(1)是why引导的定语从句,相当于forwhich。句(2)是that引导的定语从句,that在定语从句中作gave的宾语。6.(1)HereissuchaheavystoneasIcan'tmove.3/8(2)HereissuchaheavystonethatIcan'tmoveit.析:句(1)是定语从句,先行词前有such修饰时用as引导,as在定语从句中作move的宾语。句(2)是such...that引导的结果状语从句。7.(1)ThisisthesamekeyasIlostyesterday.(2)ThisisthesamekeythatIlostyesterday.析:句(1)和句(2)都是定语从句,但含义不同,句(1)是由as引导的,一般用在thesame...as结构...