定语从句重难点•1定语从句修饰的词称什么?先行词•定语从句修饰什么词性?名词或代词•如没有先行词或名词代词,该怎么办?•补充先行词用the+n或theone•Isthismuseum______youvisitedtheotherday?•Isthissinger______songsyoulikebest?•AwhoseBtheonewhose•什么时候用关系代词?•当定语从句缺主,宾,表•什么时候用关系副词?•当定语从句完整,也就是不缺主,宾,表时•在限制性定语从句中(即没有逗号的定语从句),先行词做宾语,关系词可以省略•在非限制性定语从句中(即有逗号的定语从句),先行词做宾语,关系词不可以省略Which,that指物,只用that的情况•1.当先行词是哪几个不定代词时,后面的关系代词只能用that?Something,anything,everything,nothing,little,few,much,all,theone•2.先行词被什么修饰只能用that?Every,any,no,all,just,thevery,theonly•3.先行词既有人又有物是,用什么?that•4.当先行词在定语从句做表语时只能用什么?that•5.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰用什么?that•6.在以who,which开头的特殊疑问句,为了避免重复,只能用?thatWho,that指代人,只用who的情况•当先行词是哪6个时,只能用who•anyone,one,ones,all(指人),those,people•在非限制性定语从句,被分割的定语从句以及therebe开头的句子中,多用who•一个句子中带有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词是that,另一个指人时,用who;另一个指物时,用which•在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词既可以修饰单个先行词,又可以修饰整个句子•在非限制性定语从句中,只有that不可以引导•先行词本身是that,指代物时用which•先行词指人的性质,身份时用which•介词后面的关系代词若指代物,用which;若指代人,用whom•whose+n=the+n+ofwhich•ofwhich+the+n(物)•the+n+ofwhom•ofwhom+the+n(人)•ThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKinghadheardabouttheaccident.•Tom,onwhosebikeIwenttoschoolisafriendofmine.as•在限制性定语从句中(即没有逗号的定语从句),先行词被哪4个修饰被as引导?•So,such,as,thesame•在非限制性定语从句中(即有逗号的定语从句),as可以解释为正如•Asweallknow,•Asisknowntoall,•Asweareespected/announced/reported/shown,•介词的确定有哪两种方法?•1)与先行词的搭配•2)定语从句中动词与先行词的搭配•When=in/on/at/duringwhich•Where=in/on/atwhich•Why=forwhich•.在含有介词的哪4个动词固定词组,介词不能提前,只能放在原来的位置上?lookfor,lookafter,lookforwardto,takecareof•当先行词是theway,在定语从句中做方式状语时,关系词用什么引导?Inwhich/that/省略•定语从句的谓语动词和数上与先行词一致•1)oneof+n+定语从句,从句中谓语动词用单数还是复数?复数•2)theonlyoneof+n+定语从句,从句中谓语动词用单数还是复数?单数•All指人时,相当于people,谓语动词用复数;指物时,相当于everything,谓语动词用单数•inthat=because因为•在宾语从句中缺表示物的主语,宾语用what,缺表示人的主语用who,缺表示人的宾语用whom,缺表示人,物的定语用whose•数量词,代词,形容词的最高级或比较级+of+which/whom(在句中一般做主语)。常用的代词有one,both,all,some,most,several,few,afew,alittle,many,much,none,half等•Ipickeduptheapples,someof_which___werebad.•.Someof_them___werebad.•;someof__them___werebad.•and/butsomeof_them___werebad•当先行词是case,condition,point,position,situation,system,state,sport,job,activity在从句中做状语,表示情况,方面,处境,用where引导•Thisisthepoint_where___youshouldinsistonit.•Thisisthepoint_that/which/省略___youshouldinsiston•强调句Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分•强调句的判断去掉Itis/was以及that/who仍是一个完整的句子•Itistherethataccidentsoftenhappen.(Accidentsoftenhappenthere)(强调句)•Itisclearthatnotallboyslikefootball.()•同位语从句的that对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,只起引导同位语从句的作用,在从句中不担当任何成分。因此that引导的同位语从句是完整的,不缺任何成分。•定语从句that一方面起引导定语从句的作用,另一方面that在定语从句中担当主,宾,表。因此that引导的定语从句是残缺的。•Thenewsthatourfootballteamwonthematchwasencouraging.同位语从句•Thenewsthatweheardontheradiowasnottrue.定语从句So/such----asas引导定语从句So/such----that如此---以至于---that引导结果状语从句从句不完整用as从句完整用that