解决问题教学对小学生数学思维策略的促进研究摘要问题是数学的心脏，解决问题是数学教学的重要目标。小学数学教学中，“解决问题”贯穿于整个学习领域，在解决问题教学中发展学生的思维策略是教学的重要任务，但是在实际教学中仍然存在不少问题，如：教学内容与学生生活实际想脱离；漠视对学生书写习惯的培养；缺乏对学生思维策略的意识培养；审题过程中存在的认知问题；在寻找解题思路时出现不当现象等。解决问题的步骤分为三个阶段是：领会题意、作答、反思总结，分别探究在解决问题教学中培养学生审题能力、整体思想、多元化思维、双向推理、举一反三、自我评价等思维策略。通过解决问题教学，学生不仅可以获得数学知识的增长，而且使学生思维策略得到促进，从而达到提高解决实际问题能力的效果。关键词：小学数学；解决问题教学；思维策略TheResearchabouttheFactthattheTeachingofProblemSolvingImprovePrimaryStudents’MathematicalThinkingStrategyAbstractTheproblemistheheartofmathematics,problemsolvingistheimportantgoalofmathematicsteaching.Elementaryschoolmathematicsteaching,the"problemsolving"throughoutthestudyarea,developthestudents'thinkinginproblemsolvingteachingstrategyistheimportanttaskofteaching,buttherearestillmanyproblemsinthepracticalteaching,forexample,problemsolvingteachingcontentisfreefromstudents’life;Disregardforthecultivationofstudents’writinghabits;Lackofawarenessofstudents’thinkingstrategytraining;Studentsintheprocessofthetopicofcognitiveproblems;Improperwaychoice,etc.Thestepstosolvetheproblemisdividedintothreestages:understandthequestionandanswer,summary,reflection,respectively,toexploreintheproblemsolvingteachingintrainingstudents'abilityofthetopic,thewholeidea,diversifiedthinking,bidirectionalreasoning,selfassessment,common-sensethinkingstrategies,etc.Throughproblemsolvingteaching,thestudentscangainnotonlythegrowthofthemathematicalknowledge,andtopromotestudents'thinkingstrategy,soastoimprovetheeffectofthesolutionactualproblemability.KeyWords:primarymathematics;problemsolvingteaching;thinkingstrategy目录摘要..............................................................IAbstract...........................................................II目录............................................................III一、相关概念的界定..................................................1（一）解决问题的含义............................................1（二）思维策略的含义............................................2（三）解决问题与思维策略之间的关系..............................3二、研究综述........................................................3（一）国内研究综述..............................................3（二）国外研究综述..............................................4三、解决问题教学的现状调查..........................................4（一）教学内容与学生的现实生活相脱离............................4（二）漠视对学生书写习惯的培养..................................5（三）缺乏对学生思维策略的意识培养..............................5（四）审题过程中存在的认知问题..................................5（五）在寻找解题思路时出现不当现象..............................5四、解决问题教学在促进学生思维发展方面的策略........................6（一）领会题意阶段的策略........................................6（二）作答阶段的策略............................................8（三）反思总结阶段的策略.......................................12参考文献...........................................................14附录......................................
