高中英语阅读理解推理题及词义猜测题VIP免费

1高一英语专题培优——阅读理解解题技巧第三节：阅读理解之推理判断题分析解读：推理判断题考查学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，对作者的态度及文章细节的发展做出正确推理判断的能力。考生需尽量考虑文中的全部信息和事实，在理解通篇文章的基础上去领会作者的言外之意，并做出正确的推断，这是对文章深层次的把握，属于高层次的阅读理解。即根据阅读材料中所提供的已知信息，推断出未知部分。文章中没有明确的答案。要求考生从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法和观点。技巧点拨：1.常见提问方式：(1)Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthepassagethat______?(2)Thewritersuggeststhat______?(3)Theauthorusestheexampleof⋯toshowthat______?(4)What’stheauthor’sattitudetoward_______?(5)Fromthestorywecanguess_______?(6)Whatwouldhappenif_______?(7)Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragreewith?(8)What’sthetone语气oftheauthor?(9)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe_____?(10)Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?2.解答步骤：（1）定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点。（2）字面理解：理解相关信息点的字面意义。（3）深层理解：结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。3.干扰项的特点：（1）只是原文的简单复述，而非推断出来的结论，把直接表达当做间接推理。（2）看似从原文推断出来的结论，然而实际上与原文不符，如因果倒置，手段变目的等。（3）根据考生已有的常识来看是正确的，但是却不是基于文章（4）推理过头，引申过度。4.注意：有时作者并未把意图说出来，我们可根据字面意思，通过研究语篇的逻辑关系和细节的暗示，来推敲作者的态度，进行深层理解。2典型例析：一．推断隐含意义：例：Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalled"thedeathwatchbeetle."Q：Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthesoundofthisbeetle________.A.leasedpeopleB.surprisedpeople.C.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.练一练:Onedayamanwalkedapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant,“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches(蟑螂)andtwospiders(蜘蛛).”“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?”theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well,”repliedtheman,“I’mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlord(房东)insiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit.”Q:Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintotheapartment,itwas_______.A．verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsects(昆虫)技巧：这类题干中通常含有infer,imply,suggest,conclude,indicate(暗示)等标志性词语。解题步骤：1,全面分析2,忠实原文3,不要选择表层信息二．推断作者观点或态度：例：ButinLondon,dinnerpartiesareinpeople‘shomes.Notonlythat,theguestsareaninterestingmix.ThelasttimeIwenttoone,theguestswerefromFrance,India,DenmarkandNigeria;itwaslikeagatheringattheUnitedNations.InNewYorkthemixislessinteresting.It’slikeagatheringatBloomingdale‘s,awell-knowndepartmentstore.Q：WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthepartiesinLondon?A.Abitunusual.B.Fulloftricks.C.Lesscostly.D.Moreinteresting练一练:Whyisn’tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews?AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(行贿)，anddeath..Frankly,I’msickofallthisbadnews.Q:What’sauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreporting?A.ComplainB.ApologizeC.AdmiringD.Support技巧：注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。站在作者的立场或角度思考答案。表示态度的形容词：(1)positive积极的(9)reserved(2)negative消极的(10)indifferent漠不关心的(3)optimistic乐观的(11)cautious谨慎的(4)pessimistic...