摘要春城小学教学楼建造地址位于镇江句容市，是镇江重要的经济区，建成之后将对该地的教育事业起到巨大的推动作用。本毕业设计将从小学教学的特点来进行全面的设计，包括建筑外观（即建筑设计）尺寸设计和结构构建设计。设计之初，在对小学教学楼进行充分的了解后，完成了相应的开题报告，接着运用CAD进行绘图——首先在确定建筑面积的基础上选择建筑尺寸，房间布置，再从小学教学楼的特点进行特殊的设计，比如：充分的采光，疏散便利，足够的活动空间等等。从建筑平面图、立面图、剖面图以及部分详图便可以直观的了解到教学楼的空间模型。紧接着进行手算。在手算阶段，本次毕业设计只选取一榀框架进行计算。其中基本的结构选型、内力计算、地震力和风荷载计算，也包括了较为复杂的内力组合、截面设计与各构件的配筋计算等等。随后，进入电算部分，电算部分要求使用结构分析软件PKPM。由于该小学教学楼中间设定了抗震分隔缝，所以在用PKPM建立模型时只需选取结构的一半即可。建立好模型后，将电算的结果与手算书对比，误差不能太大，应在允许范围之内。同时，还将电算部分的配筋信息保存以进行优化，绘制出更容易施工的图纸，设计的图纸包括基础、梁、板、柱结构施工图。本次毕业设计运用了大量的专业内容和相关软件，工作量繁重，有一定的难度。关键词：小学教学楼；建筑设计；结构设计；框架结构AbstractSpringcityprimaryschoolteachingbuildingconstructionlocatedinZhenjiangJurongCity,Zhenjiangisanimportanteconomiczone,afterthecompletionoftheeducationwillplayahugeroleinpromoting.Thisgraduationprojectwillcarryonthecomprehensivedesignfromtheelementaryschoolteachingcharacteristic,includingarchitecturalexterior(namelyarchitecturaldesign)sizedesignandstructureconstructiondesign.Atthebeginningofdesign,inthefullunderstandingoftheprimaryschoolteachingbuilding,completedthecorrespondingopeningreport,thentheuseofCADdrawing,firstselectthesizeofthearchitecture,basedondeterminingtheconstructionareaofthelayoutoftheroom,fromthecharacteristicsofprimaryschoolteachingbuildingofthespecialdesign,suchas:sufficientlighting,evacuationfacilitiesadequatespaceforactivitiesandsoon.Fromthefloorplan,elevation,sectionandsomedetails,wecandirectlyunderstandthespacemodeloftheteachingbuilding.Thenproceedwiththehandcount.Inthemanualcalculationstage,thisgraduationprojectonlyselectsonepieceofframetocarryonthecomputation.Amongthem,thebasicstructureselection,internalforcecalculation,seismicforceandwindloadcalculation,alsoincludemorecomplexinternalforcecombination,sectiondesignandreinforcementcalculationofeachcomponentandsoon.Then,intothecalculationsection,thecalculationpartrequirestheuseofstructuralanalysissoftwarePKPM.Sincethemiddleschoolbuildingisequippedwithseismicseparationjoints,themodelcanonlybeselectedhalfofthestructurewhenthemodelisbuiltwithPKPM.Afterestablishingthemodel,theresultofthecalculationiscomparedwiththemanualbook,theerrorcannotbetoolargeandshouldbewithintheallowablerange.Atthesametime,thepartofthereinforcementinformationissavedinordertooptimizeanddrawmoreeasilyconstructeddrawings.Thedesigneddrawingsincludethebasic,beam,plateandcolumnconstructiondrawings.Thegraduationprojectusesalargenumberofprofessionalcontentandrelatedsoftware,theworkloadisheavy,thereisacertaindegreeofdifficulty.Keywords:primaryschoolteachingbuilding;architecturaldesign;structuraldesign;framestructure目录摘要........................................................................................................IAbstract....................................................................................................II第一章...
