2013年中考英语知识综合考点精讲精练（十一）（无答案）人教新目标版本讲语法精讲精练—宾语从句A)宾语从句属于主从复合句，在句中充当句子的宾语，常用语及物动词、动词和少数形容词（sure/afraid等）后。B)引导词1)如果是陈述句作宾语从句，用that引导，可以省略，Ihope(that)you’llhaveagoodtrip.I’msure(that)she’llpasstheexam.I’mafraidthatIcan’tcome.2)如果是一般疑问句作宾语从句，要用if或whether引导，（考点：注意将疑问顺序改为陈述句形式）Willitrainnextday?Heaskedme.Heaskedme___________itwouldrainthenextday.MrGreendoesn’tknow__________hisdaughterwillreturntomorrow.注意介词后只能用whether,Weareworriedabout___________thestudentwilljoinstheswimmingclub.注意：if或whether引导的宾语从句。表示“是否”，二者通常可以互换但whether和if都可以与ornot连用。但if与ornot之间常需要用词语隔开，而whether与ornot可连用Canyoutellmewhetherornotthetrainhasleft?(=Canyoutellmewhetherthetrainhasleftornot?)下列情况，只用whether作引导词：a)引导主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句、让步状语从句。例如：Whetherhecomesornotdoesn'tconcernme.他来不来与我无关。IamindoubtwhetherIoughttogivethisplanmyapproval..我决定不了是否该同意这项计划。WhatIwanttoknowiswhetheryoucanhelpme.我想知道的是你是否能帮助我。Whetherwegoorstay,theresultisthesame.不管我们是走还是留，其结果是一样的。b）与不定式连用：例如：Idon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.我不知道是该接受还是该拒绝。c）在介词后作介宾。例如：Iamnotinterestedinwhetheryouliketheplanornot.我不在乎你是否喜欢那项计划3)如果是特殊疑问句作宾语从句，必须用who,whom,whose,what,which,when,where,why,how等引导。（考点：注意将疑问顺序改为陈述句形式）Couldyoutellme____________?A.whenthetrainwouldarriveB.WhenthetrainwillarriveC.whenwillthetrainarriveD.whenwouldthetrainarriveI’mthinkingabout_______shesaidjustnow.A.howB.whatC.whenD.where但注意特殊情况：当疑问代词what，who在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来做宾语时，语序不需要调整。Heaskedthegirlwhatwaswrongwithher．他问这个女孩怎么回事了。Heaskedthegirlwhatwasthematter．他问这个女孩怎么了。Wewanttoknowwhathashappenedtohim．我们想知道他发生了什么事。Iwonderwhat’shappening?同类句式还有：Iwanttoknowwhobrokethewindow?谁打破的窗户?Iwanttoknowwhoisintheclassroom?谁在教室里?Iwanttoknowwhatmadehimsoangry．什么使得他如此生气。C)宾语从句的时态：考点—时态的运用1）若主句谓语是一般现在时，从句根据需要该用什么时态就用什么时态：Hesays(that)someboys__________(play)gamesonthegrass10minutesago.I’msurethathe___________(pass)themathexam.2)若主句是过去时态，从句用与过去相关的时态。HewantedtoknowifIwouldgotherebybus.Myteacheraskeduswhocouldanswerthequestion.3)不管主句是什么时态，只要从句所说的是客观事实、真理、自然规律、格言等，从句时态应用一般现在时。Ourgeographyteachertoldus(that)theearth___________(go)aroundthesun.Thephysicsteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.D)宾语从句的特殊情况1）是否转移(think/believe/suppose/expect)在这样的句型中I/Wethink(believe/guess/)+宾语从句，如果从句要否定，应该将其否定转移到主句上。IthinkhecansingthisEnglishsong.(否定)I_________thinkhe_______singthisEnglishsong.2)反意疑问①一般情况下，根据主句主语和谓语进行反意疑问Billwantedtoknowwhodidthis,____________________?②对于否定要转移的从句，即I/Wethink(believe/guess/)+宾语从句,反义疑问句要根据从句反意疑问：Idon’tthinkEnglishiseasy,_______________?WethinktheboyscouldwritesomethinginEnglish,__________________?另外，当think，suppose，believe，imaging，gues...
