广安市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮系列训练（76）阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Everyyear2.2milliontonsofoilarespilled(散落，溅出)intotheocean.Actually,thisonlyamountstoasmallpercentageofthetotal1.6billiontonsofoilshippedaroundtheworldeachyear.However,thisspilledoilhasterribleeffectsonoceanlife,includingthecoastlineswheretheoffwashesupontoshore.Someofthelargestspillsinhistorywerecausedbyoiltankersrunningintoeachotherorbyanoiltankersailingintoshallowwaterandhittingthebottomoftheocean.Afterthesespills,officialstrytodiscoverwhoorwhatwasatfaulttohelppreventsimilaraccidentsinthefuture.OneoftheworstoilspillsinhistoryoccurredalongtheAlaskancoastlinein1989.Inthisaccident,42,000tonsofoilspilledfromatankerwhichresultedinterribledamagetothissensitivenaturalarea.Inthisspill,thetanker'scaptain,whowastiredfromoverworkanddrinkingalcohol,hadgonetotakearest.Hegavecontroloftheshiptothethirdmate.Thethirdmatewasunfamiliarwiththepaththeshiptook,andherantheshipontoBligheReef.BligheReefisanaturalunderwaterrockwallneartheAlaskancoast.Damagedbythereef,theshipleakedoiloutintotheocean.Morethan1,600kilometersofcoastlinewereaffectedbytheoilspill.Somescientistswhostudiednatureintheareaguessedthat580,000birdsand5,500ottersdiedwhentheoilfromthespillcoveredtheirskin.Aswell,smallershellfishandotherseacreatureswerelatereatenbyseals,whales,andotheranimals.Themostoileverspilledwasactuallydumpedonpurposeasanactofecologicalwarfare.Thetermecologicalwarfaremeanstofightbydoingharmtonatureintheareaunderattack.In1990,IraqsentsoldiersintoKuwaitandsetoffthePersianGulfWar.AspartoftheIraqwarplan,900,000tonsofoilwereletoutintothePersianGulfWayIraq.Thisoilcovered1,500squarekilometersofwaterinthePersianGulf.Theoilalsodamaged650kilometersofthecoastlineofbothKuwaitandSaudiArabia.Insomeplaces,oilfloatingonthewaterwasmeasuredtobe43centimetersthick.Waterbirds,waterplants,andbabyfishwereallseriouslyaffectedbytheoil.Thelong-termeffectsofthisactonthefoodchainintheareaareboundtocauseproblemstarintothefuture.1.Whichcauseofoilspillsisdescribedinthesecondparagraph?A.DumpingB.WarC.AccidentsD.Throwingaboutcarelessly2.ThecreaturesaffectedbytheoilspillnearAlaskawere_________.A.birdsandottersB.shellfishC.sealsandwhalesD.alloftheabove3.Thethirdmateranthethankeragound(触礁)inthisaccidentbecause_______.A.hewastiredB.hewasdrunkC.hewastalkingonthephoneD.hedidnotknowthesea4.________wasresponsiblefordumpingoilintothePersianGulf.A.TheUnitedStatesB.KuwaitC.SaudiArabiaD.Iraq1、答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节理解题。从第二段的前半部分可知，由于油轮的船长过度工作并且喝醉，将船交给了船上的另外一名对船的航线不熟悉的人，从而导致了触礁事件。故选C。2、答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。从第二段最后两句话“Somescientistswhostudiednatureintheareaguessedthat580,000birdsand5,500ottersdiedwhentheoilfromthespillcoveredtheirskin.Aswell,smallershellfishandotherseacreatureswerelatereatenbyseals,whales,andotheranimals.”可知，答案为D。3、答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节理解题。从第二段“Thethirdmatewasunfamiliarwiththepaththeshiptook,andherantheshipontoBligheReef.”可知，导致触礁事件的原因是驾驶油轮的人不知道航线，与D选项意思符合。4、答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。从最后一段第三句话“In1990,IraqsentsoldiersintoKuwaitandsetoffthePersianGulfWar.”可知，对波斯湾倾油事件负责的是伊拉克。阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)...
