表1普通碳钢及优质碳钢构件基本许用应力/MPa材料类型材料标号截面尺寸/mm热处理材料性能拉压弯曲扭转剪切抗拉强度ob屈服强度os/MPa1IIIII1IIIII1IIIII1IIIIIolololoooTnTnTnTTT普通碳钢Q215100热扎o335〜410bos185〜215145125901751401059590601009060Q235o375〜460bos205〜235160140100190160120105956511010070Q275o490〜610bos235〜2751751501102101701301151057012011080优质20W100正火o410bos245175145105210165125115105701201057525o450bos275195160115230175135125115751351208035o530bos3152101801252502001501351208014512085调质o550〜750bos320〜3702101851302502051551351258514512085碳钢45正火0600b0s3552302001452702201701501359016014095调质0630〜800b0s370〜43025021515030023518016015010017515010050W25正火0630b0s375250215150300235180160150100175150100W100调质0>700b0s>400265235165310260195170155105180160110表2碳钢铸件基本许用应力/MPa材料标号截面尺寸/mm热处理材料性能拉压弯曲扭转剪切抗拉强度0b屈服强度0S/MPa1IIIII1IIIII1IIIII1IIIII0l0l0l000TnTnTnTTTZG200〜400100正火及回0400b0s20013512090160135105908060958560ZG230〜4500450b0s23015514010018515512010085651109065ZG270〜5000500b0s2701751601152101751351151007512010575ZG310〜570火o570bos3101901701252301901451251058013011080ZG340〜640o640bos3402001801302402051551301158714012087表3灰铸铁基本许用应力/MPa材料标号壁厚/mm抗压强度/MPa抗拉强度/MPa中心抗压弯曲扭剪压拉拉压1II1IIIII1IIIII1IIIIIoooooTTTTTTHT-150>〜10500〜70017514080502820503023452418>10〜2014514080412417412519372015>20〜3013014080372115372217331813>30〜5012014080341914342115311712HT-200>〜10600〜800220170100633625633828573123>10〜20195170100563222563325502720>20〜30170170100492819492922442417>30〜50160170100462618462721412216HT-250>〜10800〜1000270230130774431774635693728>10〜20240230130693927694131623325>20〜30220230130633625633828573123>30〜50200230130573223573426512821HT-300>10〜201000〜1200290285160834733835037754030>20〜30250285160714129714332643526>30〜50230285160663726663930593224HT-350>10〜201100〜1300340315180975539975844874735>20〜30290315180834733835037754030>30〜50260315180744230744433673627附表钢铁的许用应力（kgf/cm2）载荷软钢中硬钢铸钢钢铁1900〜-15001200〜1800600〜1200300拉伸II600〜-1000800〜1200400〜600200III300〜-500400〜600200〜400100压缩1900〜-15001200〜1800900〜1500900600--4000800〜1200600〜1000600I900--15001200--1800750-丿1200:弯曲II600--1000800--1200500-丿800III300--500400--600250-丿400I720--1200960-丿1440480-T60300剪切II480--800640--960320〜640200III240--400320--480160〜320100I600--1200900-丿1440480-T60扭转II400--800640--960320〜640III200--400320--480160〜320（注）载荷指I:静载荷II:重复载荷III:交变载荷表4许用弯曲应力[o]s材料极限强度okgf/cm2许用应力[o]kgf/cm2稳定载荷冲击或脉动载荷反复交变载荷40001300700400碳素钢5000170075045060007000200023009501100550650合金钢8000100002700330013001600750900铸钢4000500010001200500700300400钢号处理毛坏直径(mm)机械性OH卜CVb硬度HB许用弯曲应力［0］w0bkgf/mm20skgf/mm20-1kgf/mm2kgf/cm2正火25543226W1871100正火W100522725143〜187105035正火>100〜300502624143〜1871000正火+回火>300〜500482423137〜187960>500〜750462322131〜187920正火25613628W2411150正火W1006030170〜207115045正火>100〜300582927163〜2071130正火+回火>300〜500562826156〜207108035SiMn259075461600调质W100805240229〜286140042SiMn>100〜300754535217〜269140040MB调质>302〜〜40040501750W2007550361450W100756038228〜286150038SiMo调质>100〜300725536217〜2691450>300〜500705035197〜2411400251008050175040Cr调质W100755237241〜2861500>100〜300705035241〜2861480表5轴的常用材料及许用弯曲应力［30］注：表中［。-］适用于▽犬▽?，如如果光洁度提高或降低，［异1应相应提高或降低5~005%01481表6轴类零件允许变形的参考数值变形名称变形允许值挠度—般用途的轴[V]=〜1V需要提高刚度的转轴[V]=I安装齿轮的轴[V]=〜m滑动轴承n[e]=转角向心球轴承[e]=e向心球面轴承[e]=圆柱滚子轴承[e]=注：|——轴承之间的长度(mm)；m——齿轮法面模数(mm)；nM――蜗轮的端面模数(mm)。t表7轴弯曲的允许变形量a名称挠度允许值f]cm—般用途的轴〜|(跨度)刚度要求高的轴1安装齿轮的轴名称倾角允许值[e]rad装齿轮或滑动轴承处[e]=向心球轴承处[e]=向心球面轴承处[e]=短圆柱滚子轴承处[ej=
