Unit1CulturalrelicsUnit1CulturalrelicsGrammar:AttributiveClause一、关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Doyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?Doyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.注意：介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthatthat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisveryfamouswhointheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.whichØ(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwith.whowhomØThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Ø二、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。whenwherewhy1、关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用。例如：a)我仍然记得我参军的那一天。①Istillremembertheday.②OnthatdayIjoinedthearmy.IstillrememberthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.或IstillrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedthearmy.b)这就是我们去年住的房屋。①Thisisthehouse.②Welivedinitlastyear.Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.或Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.或Thisisthehousewhichwelivedinlastyear.c)你知道他迟到的原因吗？①Doyouknowthereason?②Hewaslateforthatreason.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslate?或Doyouknowthereasonforwhichhewaslate?2、当先行词是指时间、地点或原因时，并非就用when,where,why来引导定语从句。例如：这是我们去年参观的地方。······①这是我们去年工作的地方。······②a)vt.vi.①Thisistheplacewhich/thatwevisitedlastyear.②Thisistheplacewhereweworkedlastyear.我仍然记得我入团的那一天。我仍然记得我们一起度过的那一天。b)①IstillrememberthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.②Istillrememberthedaythat/whichwespenttogether.三、判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.这是我去年呆过的山村。取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone例1.Isthisthemuseum_____youvisitedafewdays...
