SailingtheOceansSailingtheOceansUnit2theArcticOceantheIndianOceanthePacificOceantheAtlanticOceanLivingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.Explanation1.navigatorn.导航者,领航员navigatevi.航行,航海,航空vt.航行于,驾驶,操纵,使通过Theynavigatedwithdifficultythroughthecrowd.他们在人群中坚难行进。navigationn.航海，航行navigationaladj.航海的，航行的1.navigatorn.导航者,领航员navigatevi.航行,航海,航空vt.航行于,驾驶,操纵,使通过Theynavigatedwithdifficultythroughthecrowd.他们在人群中坚难行进。navigationn.航海，航行navigationaladj.航海的，航行的Whatisthedifferencebetweenanavigatorandanexplorer?Whatisthedifferencebetweenanavigatorandanexplorer?NavigatorseanauticalinstrumentsfindnewislandsorcontinentsNavigatorissomebodywhofindsthepositionandplotsthecourseofashipusingmapsandinstruments.ExplorerlanduseofcompassandlandmarksfindnewplaceswithinanalreadyidentifiedislandorcontinentExplorerissomebodywhotravelsintoorthroughaplaceinordertolearnaboutit.Veryoftennavigatorsarealsoexplorers.ZhengHe,themostfamousChinesenavigator,livedfrom1371to1433andmadesevenvoyagesaroundtheSouthChinaSea,visitingmorethanthirtycountries.Thepeopletheregavehimawarmwelcome.AndhenotonlyspreadChineseculture,butalsodevelopedmanytradelinkswiththeothercountries.MarcoPolowastheonlypersontoprovideinformationaboutChinatotheoutsideworld.HisjourneyaroundAsialasted24years.Hereachedfurtherthananyofhispredecessors,travellingbeyondMongoliaandintoChina.Finallyhewrotehisadventuresdownandhisbookwaspublishedandbecameabest-seller.JamesCook•1728年出生在英国北部的一个村庄。10多岁时他第一次随船出海。他于1775年加入皇家海军，此后成为了一名航海和制图专家。1768年，库克受命担任英国皇家海军太平洋考察队队长。在其后的10年间，他带领考察队进行了3次史诗般的航行，足迹遍及未知的太平洋，揭开了地球上最大水域的地理秘密。•库克访问过塔布担、澳大利亚、新西兰、马克萨斯群岛、夏威夷、复活节岛和威廉王子湾等地，并为这些地方绘制了地图；狂风暴雨、惊涛骇浪、冰山、珊瑚礁、热带酷暑和南极严寒等艰难险阻，不断地向他袭来，直到1779年他惨死在夏威夷岛民手中。在人们的记忆中，库克船长是“水手中的水手”，在探险史上，还没有哪个人可与他的成就相媲美，世界地图将永远带着他的印记。compasscompassastrolabeastrolabeTheastrolabemeasurestheheightandpositionofthesun.Ifyoucanmeasurethisaccurately,asailorcantellhowmanydegreestheboatisfromtheNorthPole.Fromthishecantellwheretheboatisintheocean.Theastrolabemeasurestheheightandpositionofthesun.Ifyoucanmeasurethisaccurately,asailorcantellhowmanydegreestheboatisfromtheNorthPole.Fromthishecantellwheretheboatisintheocean.sextantThesextantisanavigationalinstrumentformeasuringtheanglebetweenthehorizonandsomeobjectinthesky.Thesextantisanavigationalinstrumentformeasuringtheanglebetweenthehorizonandsomeobjectinthesky.quadrantquadrantnauticalchartnauticalchartNauticalchartsaremapsofthedepthoftheseaandthecurrentsoftheoceans.Theyprovidemodernsailorswithroutesthroughtheseas,ratherlikeroadsthroughthecountryside.Theinformationbegantobecollectedinthenineteenthcenturyandhascontinuedtobeupdatedeversince.Nauticalchartsaremapsofthedepthoftheseaandthecurrentsoftheoceans.Theyprovidemodernsailorswithroutesthroughtheseas,ratherlikeroadsthroughthecountryside.Theinformationbegantobecollectedinthenineteenthcenturyandhascontinuedtobeupdatedeversince.1.Howmanyskillsarementionedtohelpthenavigatorsexploretheseas?2.Whatisthefirstandmostusefulformofexplorationandhasthemini...
