不定式运用口不定式运用口诀诀本领最多不定式，本领最多不定式，主、表、宾、补、定和状。样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢。样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢。大家千万要当心，大家千万要当心，有时它把句型改，，作主宾时用“作主宾时用“it”,it”,自己在后把身藏。自己在后把身藏。七个感官三使役，七个感官三使役，宾补要把to甩开；；疑问词后接上它，疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当；；逻辑主语不定式，逻辑主语不定式，不定式前forsb.;;to前not是否定，各种用法区别开。，各种用法区别开。TheInfinitivesubjectobjectpredictiveattributeadverbialcomplementTodothatsortofthingisfoolish.Itisfoolishtodothatsortofthing.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodois(to)finishitquicklyWefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Thepatientwaswarnednottoeatoilyfoodaftertheoperation.Heliftedastoneonlytodropitonhisownfeet.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.一、不定式结构作主语一、不定式结构作主语ToseeonetimeToseeonetimeisbetterthantohearahundredtimestohearahundredtimes.TopersevereToperseveremeansvictory!注①：注①：在很多情况下，特别是在口语中，常采用先行it代替主语，而把不定式后置：It’sagreatpleasuretobeheretobehere.Itisnotaneasythingtomasteralanguagetomasteralanguage.注②：注②：这种后置不定式的结构也适用于某些谓语动词不是系动词的句子，如：Ittookusfivehourstogettheretogetthere.Itmadeusveryangrytohearhimtalklikethattohearhimtalklikethat.注③：注③：不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景中看出，也可以由“for+名词词组”来表示，如：Itisnothardforoneforonetodoabitofgood.Itwasdifficultformeformetodothework.注④：注④：某些形容词在上述结构中作表语时，常在不定式之前加上“of+名词词组”来说明不定式所指的是谁的情况，如：It’skindofyouofyoutothinksomuchofus.It’sveryniceofyouofyoutobesoconsiderate.It’sunwiseofthemofthemtoturndowntheproposal.Itwascarelessofherofhertomakesuchamistake.二、不定式结构作表语二、不定式结构作表语1．主语和表语都是不定式（其含义往往一是条件，一是结果），如：Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.Todothatwouldbetocutthefoottofittheshoe.2．主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,intention,mistake,plan,proposal,job,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组，或以what引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容，如：Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorthtoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.Yourmistakewasnottowritethatletternottowritethatletter.Mysuggestionistostartworkatoncetostartworkatonce.WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatoncetostartworkatonce.注注：在某些句型中，当主语部分有动作动词dodo时，作表语的不定式可以省略符号“toto”，如：Allwehavetodoispushthebuttonpushthebutton.TheonlythingIcandonowisgoonbymyselfgoonbymyself.AllIcoulddowassendhimatelegramsendhimatelegram.三、不定式结构作动词宾语三、不定式结构作动词宾语1．“动词动词++带带toto的不定式结构的不定式结构”。这类动词常见的有：afford,agree,arrange,ask,choose,decide,demand,desire,expect,hope,learn,manage,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish,like,hate,prefer,continue,try,start,forget,mean,intend,begin,等，例如：I’vearrangedtomeethimatteno’clocktomeethimatteno’clock.Ididn’texpecttofindyouheretofindyouhere.2．“动词动词++疑问词疑问词++带带toto的不定式结构的不定式结构”。（这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句）。这类动词常见的有：tell,advise,show,teach,findout,decide,discuss,learn,forget,inquire,know,explain,remember,see,understand,wonder等。疑问词（也称连接代/副词）有：what,where,who(m),when,how,whether,which（why除外），如：Idon’tknowwhattodo/wheretogo/who(m)toask/whentostop/howto...
