Words&expressions1.includevt•a)Myjobdoesn’tincludemakingcakefortheboss.•b)Detailedinstructionsareincludedinthebooklet.•小册子中有详细说明.•注意:•表示包括,不用进行时,常用结构includesb/sth,表示Vtinclude+doingsth.“使某人/某物成为整体中的一部分”2)including介词,表示被包括在内•20passengersarekilledintheaccident,including4children.•=4childrenincluded•Mostshopsareopeneveryday,Sundayincluded.3)联想:include,contain•a)Theprice_______thepostage.•b)Theparcel_____adictionary.•c)Thebook______20articles,_______3lyrics•d)Thiskindofvegetable_______muchvitamin,_____muchvitaminB,Cincludescontainscontainsincludingincludingcontains•include表示所包含之物的一部分;contain只所含之物的全部,也可表示一种物质中含有什么成分.2.givein•Theenemywasforcedtogivein.•敌军被迫投降.•Don’tgiveintotheirdemands.•不要向他们的要求让步.•Bothsidesarguedwithreason,andneitherwouldgivein/up.•双方都振振有词地辩论着,谁也不认输•Tomalwaysgivesintohiselderbrother.•汤姆总是屈服于哥哥.•Allpapersshouldbegiveninbefore11:30.•所有的论文应在11:30前上交.•习语:•giveaway•giveoff•giveover•giveupon•giveback•giveout•giveonto•赠送;泄露•释放;放出•停止;交付•不抱希望•归,还分发•面临;朝向3preparevtpreparationn.•Thestudentspreparedthesportshoesforthesportmeeting.•为……准备好……•Willyouhelpmeprepareformybirthdayparty?•为……作好准备•Theyarebusypreparingtogohome.•为做某事而做准备4replacevt•(1)替换;取代=taketheplaceof•汤姆病了,由约翰替代.•TomisillandhasbeenreplacedbyJohn•有什么东西可取代母亲的爱和关心吗?•Cananythingreplaceamother’sloveandcare?•(2)replace的常用结构为replace…with/by表示•以…取代…•用新胎换旧胎.•Replaceaworntirewithanewone.•用新玻璃换掉旧玻璃•Replacetheoldglasswiththenewglass5burnburned,burned或burnt,burnt•Heburntallhiswastepaper.•Allthelightsinthehouseareburning.Vt燃烧•Vi照亮注意:既可作及物动词“燃烧;着火;烧伤”又可做不及物动词“发光;照亮”•burnout•burnoff•burnup•burndown烧毁;烧坏;燃尽•烧掉烧起来;烧光;烧毁•把……烧为平地;烧光
