(三)So,dowithcare.所以要小心２００５年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：１、理解主旨要义；２、理解文中具体信息；３、根据上下文推断生词的词义；４、作出简单判断和理解；５、理解文章的基本结构；６、理解作者的意图和态度。2001—2005年阅读理解试题分类情况题目设计数量20012002200320042005试题设计分类事实细节题35114主旨大意题3333词义猜测题44411推理判断题9729识图计算题11上下文上下文构词法构词法猜测词意猜测词意1、定义或解释说明●标点符号()----:Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittlebrittle---thatis,itwillbreakeasily.TornadoesTornadoes(violentanddestructivewhirlwind)normallyoccuronhot,humidhumid(alittlewet)day,butnotnecessarilyinthesummer.1、定义或解释说明●定语从句或同位语Modernmedicinebeganwiththestethoscstethoscopeope,amedicaltoolusedforlisteningtothemovementsofaperson’slungsandhisheartbeats.Hewasaprestidigitatorprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.●信号词：be,becalled,means,bedefinedasAmosquitomosquitoisasmallflyingpestthatthrusttheskinandthendrinkblood.DesertDesertcanbedefinedasalargeareaoflandwherethereisnotenoughrainandvegetationtosupporthumanlife.1、定义或解释说明Ex.1◎Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpentercarpenter.◎Hisuncleisazoologistzoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.◎Theherdsmanherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.◎Weareonthenightshiftnightshift---frommidnightto8a.m.---thisweek.木匠动物学家牧人夜班2、对比关系信号词:but,however,yet,otherwise,while,though,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranotherthing,insteadof等ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubbygrubby.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythriftythrifty.Ex.2◎Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoilturmoil.◎Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissentdissent,write“no”.◎Somehumanactionsarelearned,butquiteafewotheractionsareinnateinnate.◎Althoughalargenumberofpeopleconsideredhimtohavestolenthemoney,Iwassurethathewasinnocentinnocentofthetheft.混乱无辜的天生的不同意3、因果关系信号词:because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,so…that,such…that,thusRubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelasticelastic.Theriverissoturbidturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.Ex.3◎SinceIcouldnotaffordtopurchasetheoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplicareplica.Aninexperiencedeyecouldnottellthedifference.◎He’ssuchashrewdshrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.◎Shewantedthehairdressertotrimtrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.复制品精明的修剪4、举例法信号词:such,suchas,like,forexample/instance,especially,include,consistofCarsmusthavecertainsafetydevicesdevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes.Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultrypoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.5、重述信号词:or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway,i.e.Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigateirrigate,orwater,theirfields.Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontocetiodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.6、同义词、近义词信号词:or,like,as…as,thesameasThenewtaxlawsupersedessupersedes...
