Grammar名词性从句NounClausessubjectiveclause主语从句objectiveclause宾语从句predicativeclause表语从句appositiveclause同位语从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。•1.Whatitwastobecomewasamystery.•2.Idon’tknowwhowillhelpHenrytowinthebet.•3.Histroubleisthathedoesn’tknowanybodyinLondon.•4.Thefactthatshipscangotheresurprisesmanypeople.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句1、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有连词that，if，whether；连接代词who，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why等。e.g.(1)Ithink(that)womencanreachveryhighachievementsinmanyfieldsofscience.2)Iwonderwhether/ifsherememberedhowmanybabiesshehaddelivered.3)Doyouknowwho/whomJackwasspeakingto?总结:2.注意点1).宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序.2).引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义,多数情况下可以省略.3).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句但:(1).当whether后紧跟ornot时,不用if.(2).介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.例:IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.1.宾语从句的引导词:宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词相同.例:Idon’tknowwhetherIwillstayornot.4).that在宾语从句中的省略与保留由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第一个that可以省略,第二that不能省.Hetoldme(that)hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.e.g.Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.Thequestioniswhichofusshouldcomefirst.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.Theimportantthingiswhosenameshouldbeputonthetopofthelist.2、表语从句表语从句在复合句中起表语作用.引导宾语从句词有连词that，what,which,who,whom,whose等.除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。2.注意点1).表语从句一律用陈述句的语序.2).表语从句的引导词that无实际意义,但不能省略.3).表语从句只能用whether,而不能用if引导.Whatmanypeopleareworriedaboutiswhetherwewillbeabletobuildabetterfuture.Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisbecausethattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.Thereasonwhy+句子bethat+从句.for+名词今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多.错误Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisthattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.或This/it/that/isbecause+从句…等句型.Hewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecausetherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.3、主语从句做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连词that，whether，连接代词who，what，which，连接副词when，where，how，why等。e.g.Thatshelefthimcuthimtotheheart.Whatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.2.总结:1).主语从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后.2).连接词that在从句中无实际意义,起引导作用,不作任何成分,但不能省略.Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.错误Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.错误Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.但是whatisthematter和whatiswrong不可改变语序3).whether可以引导主语从句解释为”是否”,但if不能.4).whoever,whatever,whichever等词可以引导主语从句,但nomatterwho,nomatterwhat等不能,它们只能引导让步状语从句.5).为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:Itiswellknown/reported/thought/said/…that…Itisclear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful/…that…Itisapity/ashame/anhonour/…that…Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…/Itseemsthat…Ithappensthat…4、同位语从句•同位语从句属于名词性从句，大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark,hope,belief等名词...
