农业面源有毒有机污染物现状与防治对策VIP免费

农业面源有毒有机污染物现状与防治对策吴星卫1 单正军#（环境保护部南京环境科学研究所，环境保护部农药环境评价与污染控制重点实验室，江苏 南京 210042）摘要 农业生产中产生的有毒有机污染物已成为农业面源污染的主要贡献源之一。概述了农业生产中使用的农药、兽药和饲料添加剂、农用地膜对水环境的污染情况，分析了农业有毒有机污染物对水环境的污染途径与机制。介绍了农业有毒有机污染物的监测方法，以及指示生物在水环境有机污染中的防治作用，并提出了防治水环境有毒有机污染的对策与建议。关键词 有毒有机污染物 现状 监测 对策Current situation and countermeasures for control and prevention of agricultural toxic and organic multiple area-pollution in water environment Wu Xingwei ， Shan Zhengjun. (Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science ， The Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environment Assessment and Pollution Control，SEPA，Nanjing Jiangsu 210042)Abstract ： Toxic and organic pollutants from agriculture production have been one of the most important sources for the multiple area-pollution in agriculture. The contaminative situations, which are caused by pesticides, veterinary pharmaceuticals , feed additives and farm film, were summarized. The contaminative ways and mechanism were also analyzed. The monitoring observation measures and bio-indicators for prevention of toxic and organic pollution in water environment were introduced. Countermeasures and suggestions for how to prevention and cure toxic and organic pollution in water environment were also proposed.Keywords：toxic and organic contaminants；current situation；monitoring；countermeasure水体环境污染源按照排放方式可分为点污染源和非点污染源(或称面污染源)两种。20世纪 90 年代以前，人们一直认为点源是造成水污染的主要原因，对环境污染的控制主要集中在工业点源上，而没有认识到面源污染的严重性，特别是对农业面源污染一直没有得到重视。但是，在点源污染取得显著成效的同时，水体环境并未得到显著的好转，这是因为还有大部分...