习题练习与思考一、名词解释1.疾病( disease)2.病理生理学(pathophysiology )3.药物靶标( drug target)4.病理过程( pathologic process)5.病因( etiology agents)6.先天因素( congenital factors )7.疾病发生的条件(predisposing factors )8.诱发因素( precipitating factor )9.危险因素( dangerous factor)10.发病学( pathogenesis)11.完全康复( complete recovery )12.不完全康复(incomplete recovery )13.死亡( death)14.脑死亡( brain death)15.昏迷16.脱水( dehydration)17.低渗性脱水(hypotonic dehydration )18. “三凹”体征19.高渗性脱水(hypertonic dehydration )20.等渗性脱水(isotonic dehydration )21.水中毒( water intoxication )22.低钠血症( hyponatremia)23.高钠血症( hypernatremia)24.低钾血症( hypokalemia )25.高钾血症( hyperkalemia )26.酸碱平衡紊乱(acid-base disturbance)27.固定酸( fixed acid )28.动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO 2)29.标准碳酸氢盐(standard bicarbonate, SB)30.实际碳酸氢盐(actual bicarbonate, AB )31.缓冲碱( buffer base,BB )32.碱剩余( base excess, BE)33.阴离子间隙(anion