单元语法精讲 定语从句(一) (由 who，that，which 引导的定语从句) 1．概念 在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。它具有形容词的作用，但要置于被修饰词之后，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。在翻译成中文时，从句应翻译在先行词的前面。 eg：That is the_P．E.teacher who plays soccer best. (先行词) (定语从句) 这就是踢足球最棒的那位体育老师。 2．引导词 定语从句的引导词可分为关系代词 that, which，who (宾格 whom，所有格whose)和关系副词 where，when，why 等。本单元只讲关系代词 who，that 和 which。 3．关系代词的作用 关系代词 who，which，that 在定语从句中的作用见下表： 先行词指 代对象 在句中 所作成分 人 事物 人＋ 事物 是否可 省略 作主语 who/ that which/ that that 不可省略 作宾语 who(m)/ that which/ that that 可省略 4.特别提醒 (1)当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致，且关系代词不能省去。 eg：He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩之一。 He is the only one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。 (2) that 可以指人，也可以指物。指人时，相当于 who；指物时，相当于 which，that。作宾语时，常省略。 eg：Tomato is a vegetable that/which is good for health. 西红柿是一种对健康有益的蔬菜。(指物，作主语) The woman athlete (that/who) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. 我在报纸上看到的那位女运动员刚刚获得了一枚金牌。 (指人，作宾语) 单元语法精练 Ⅰ.用 who，whose，which 或 that 填空。 1．A clock is a machine _____________ tells people the time. 2．The panda is a kind of animal _____________ can be found only in China. 3．April 1st is the day ____________ is called Fool's Day in the West. 4．Where is the lady ________ watch was stolen yesterday? 5．The man _________________ you visited last week is a famous writer. that/which that / which which / that whose who/whom / that Ⅱ.根据所给的汉语提示完成下列英语句子，每空一词。 6．我喜欢能随之唱歌的音乐。 I love ______ ____________ I can sing along with. 7．鹿晗喜欢哪种乐队？ What kind of groups ______ Lu Han like? 8．她更喜欢演奏轻柔舒缓歌曲的乐队。 She prefers ________ ____________ play quiet and slow songs. 9．他喜欢演奏不同类型乐曲的音乐家。 He likes ___________ _______ play different kinds of music. 10．昨天我借给你的那本书很有趣。 The book ______________ I _____ ____ you yesterday is interesting. music that/which does groups that/which musicians who that/which lent to
