1 / 2 基本物理常数基本物理常数Fundamental Physical Constants类别 (Sort)量的名称 (Quantity)符号 (Symbol)数值 (Value)普通常数(general constants)真空中光速(speed of light in vacuum)c2.99792458x108 m/s真空磁导率(permeability of vacuum)μ 04π x10-7= 1.25663706143592x10-6H/m真空介电常数(permittivity of vacuum)?ε01/(μ 0c2)普朗克常数(planck constant)h6.626176x10-34 J·s9 = h/2?1.054589x10-34 J·s万有引力常数(gravitational constant)G6.672x10-11 N·m2/kg2重 力 加 速 度 (standard acceleration of gravity)g9.80665 m/s2电磁常数(electromagnetic constants)基本电荷(elementary charge)e1.602189x10-19 C磁通量子(magnetic flux quantum)?02.067851x10-15 Wb玻尔磁子 (bohr magneton)μB = eh/2mec9.274078x10-24 J/T核磁子 (nuclear magneton) μ N = e9 /2mpc5.050824x10-27 J/T原子常数(atomic constants)精细结构常数(fine-structure constant)?7.297351x10-3里德伯常数(rydberg constant)R∞=mec2/2h1.09737318x107 /m玻尔半径(bohr radius)a00.52917706x10-10 m哈特利能量(hartree energy)E h27.2116 eV环流量子(quantum of circulation)h/me7.27389x10-4 J· s/kg电子质量 (electron mass)me9.10953x10-31 kg质子质量 (proton mass)mp1.672649x10-27 kg中子质量 (neutron mass)mn1.674954x10-27 kg物理化学常数(physicochemical 阿伏加德罗常数(avogadro constant)NA 或 L6.022045x1023 /mol2 / 2 constants)原子质量单位(atomic mass unit)amu1.660566x10-27 kg法拉第常数(faraday constant)F = N Ae9.648456x104 C/mol摩尔气体常数(molar gas constant)R8.31441 J/(K ·mol)玻尔兹曼常数(boltzmann constant)k1.380662x 10-23 J/K理想气体在标准状态下的摩尔体积[molar volume, ideal gas (at 273.15K,101.325kPa)]Vm22.4138 L标准大气压(standard atmosphere)-101325 Pa
