八年级下 Unit 61.how long 多长时间了？2.start class/skating/to skate 开始上课/滑冰= begin class/skating/to skate3.a skating marathon 一场滑冰马拉松4.would like = ’d like 愿意、想要5.run out of 用完、用光6.by the way 顺便问一下7.more than = over 超过8.ever since 自从9.raise money for charity 筹集善款10. a pair of 一双11. five and a half years 五年半12. the whole five hours 整整五个小时13. in Russian style 以俄罗斯的风格14.be interested in doing sth. 对某事感兴趣 15.far away 在远处16.would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事17.send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物赠送给某人 18.in fact 实际上19. room 房间（用于可数名词）；空间（用于不可数名词）20.common → more common → the most common 形容词 common 的原级、比较级和最高级重点语法：1.现在完成进行时(1)结构：have/has + been + V.ing.(2)用法：表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在且很有可能持续下去； I’ve been doing the cleaning all this morning. 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的某一动作刚刚结束； You’re late again! I’ve been waiting here for an hour. 表示一个一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。 I have been calling you several times in two days. (3) 时间状语：all the time/this morning, since morning, all night, this week/month, recently 等(3)对现在完成进行时的时间状语进行提问时使用 how long。How long have you been skating?I’ve been skating since I was seven years old. for 5 years old.现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：① 某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做② 过去发生的动作对现在造成影响例：我已上了三年初中。 I have been in Junior School for 3 years. 自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。 I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.一般疑问句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?特殊疑问句例句：How long have you been skating?注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。例句：你借这本书已经多长时间了？ How long have you been keeping this book?
