(全国Ⅱ)14 语法知识探究(4) 课件VIP专享VIP免费

语法知识探究 (4)主谓一致 句子的主语有单复数及人称的变化，其谓语动词需要根据主语的人称和数的不同而有所变化。即：谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。主语的人称，特别是主语的数是决定谓语形式的关键。除第一人称 I 和第二人称 you 之外，单数主语之后的谓语动词用单数形式；复数主语之后的谓语动词用复数形式。在历届高考中考点分布：1 ．用 and 连接两个并列成分；2 ．介词 with 伴随主语；3 ．就近原则；4 ．各种代词的主谓一致； 5 ．短语和从句作主语；6 ．定语从句中的主谓一致。 一、名词作主语的数的问题1 ．在下列情况下，名词作主语时谓语动词用单数：(1) 可数名词单数；不可数名词；表示量的词当整体概念。(2) 表示时间、距离、金钱、度量、容量、书名等整体概念的名词作主语时。Twenty years represents a long period of her life.(3)the number of ＋复数名词作主语时。The number of the students who took part in the competition was 500 ， but only a small number of them were chosen.(4) 集合名词当整体概念讲时。His family is going to move.(5) 动名词 ( 短语 ) 、不定式、从句作主语时。Collecting newspapers and clocks is what I enjoy most.2 ．在下列情况下，名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数：复数名词作主语；集合名词表示个体时。At last ten people were killed in the cash.Her family are waiting for him.二、分数 / 不定量词作主语时数的问题1 ．分数和百分数不能直接跟名词或代词，而是后跟“ of ＋冠词 / 限定词＋名词 / 代词”，其后的谓语动词与后面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。Two fifths of the money was spent on books.2 ．“ a great many/a large number of ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“ a great deal of/a large amount of/a large sum of ＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“ many a ＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“ a good (great) many ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。A large amount of money is spent on the Hope Project and a good many schools have been set up.3 ．“ a large quantity of ＋ 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数要与名词的数保持...