初中英语语法精讲精练:主谓一致主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。表现在三个方面:语法一致;意义一致;就近一致(就近原则)。一、语法一致(意义一致):主语复数----谓语复数;主语单数-----谓语单数1、主语复数的情况----谓复⑴people,police,staff,crowd,sheep,cattle等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。Thepolicearewaitingfortheboy.Thestaffaredressedasclowns.⑵由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;Bothhisfatherandhismotherarebothteachers.他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。⑶“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时,谓语一般用复数。TheSmithsarehavingdinner.⑷the+a.表一类人,做主语,谓语用复数;但表示抽象概念时,用单数形式:Thepooraren’talwaysverysad,whilethericharen’talwayshappy.Thebeautifullivesforever.美是永存的。2、主语单数的情况-----谓单⑴单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式:Somewaterisinthebottle.Theboyisplayingfootballontheplayground.⑵manya+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式:ManyastudenthasbeentoShanghai.⑶morethanone+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。例如:MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。⑷表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度等度量词或短语作主语时,常看作整体概念,谓单:Twomonthsisalongholiday.两个月是一个长假。Twentypoundsisn’tsoheavy.20英镑并不太重。Tenmilesisn’talongdistance.10英里并不是一段很长的距离。⑸表加减乘除的数学运算做主语,谓单:Threeplustwoisfive.Fiveminusfourisone.Threetimestwoissix.Eightdividedbyfouristwo.⑹eachAandeachB和everyAandeveryB作主语,谓单:Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.每个男人和女人都在工作。⑺oneandahalf+复数名词作主语,谓单:Oneandahalfhoursisenough.一个半小时足够了。⑻动词不定式,动名词,句子作主语时,谓单:Toseeistobelieve眼见为实。Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。WhowillbeourEnglishteacherisunknown.⑼a/an+单数名词+ortwo作主语,谓单:Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.一两个学生考试不及格。⑽主语为某些词组,如oneof,eachof,everyoneof,anyoneof,noneof等加复数名词或代词,谓语用单数。如:Oneofmyfavoritesportsisbasketball.⑾不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing作主语,谓单:Iseveryoneheretoday.Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.Nobodywasin.⑿each,either,neither,another,theother作主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:EachofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.他们每人都有一本英语词典。Neitheransweriscorrect两个答案都不正确。⒀s结尾的表单数意义的名词作主语,谓单,如news,maths,physics等:Nonewsisgoodnews.没有消息就是好消息。Mathsisverypopularinourclass在我们班数学很受欢迎。3、谓语根据主语单复数意义来定的情况:⑴anumberof+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数;thenumberof+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:Anumberoffamouspeoplewereinvitedtoparty.许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthundred.我们学校的学生数超过800人。⑵相同两部分组成的名词做主语,谓复;当名词前kindof,pairof,glassof等表示量的短语修饰时,谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致:Thebluetrousersaremine.ThispairofshoesisTom’s.这双鞋是汤姆的。Therearetwoglassesofwateronthetable.桌上有两杯水。⑶“lotsof/alotof/plentyof+名词”或“分数/百分数+名词”作主语时,谓语动词取决于名词的数;若是不可数名词,用单数;若名词是复数,则用复数75percentoflandiscoveredwithwater.Threefourthsofstudentsaregirlsinourclass.Lotsofmoneyisneeded.Plentyofwaterhasbeenpolluted.⑷由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时,一...