1 第1讲 简单句的五种基本结构英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型结构如下：主语谓语用符号表示为：① Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）② Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）③ Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）④ Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）⑤ Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）主语（ subject）谓语（ predicate）宾语（ object）定语（ attribute ）状语 (adverbial) 补语（ complement ）表语（ predicative ）考点 1.基本句型一：ＳＶ （主＋谓）这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语， 但可以带状语， 常见的不及物动词有：act, come, go, work, last, fall, cry, disappear, appear, smile, rise, ring, live, look, listen, laugh, hurry, talk, sleep, graduate, die, care, agree, jump, fail, wait, succeed, stay, sit, lie, shine, happen, take place, rain, snow, ect. 如: It is raining now. ( Ｓ Ｖ) We've worked for 5 hours. ( Ｓ Ｖ) The meeting lasted half an hour. ( Ｓ Ｖ) Time flies. ( Ｓ Ｖ) 练习 1. 分析下列句子成分，并在后面括号内标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种vi. vt. link.v. 宾语宾语（间）宾语（直）宾语 宾语补足语表语①⑤②④③2 1.Dark clouds hung overhead. ( ) 2.Gradually a smile appeared on her face. ( ) 3.He is smiling all over his face. ( ) 4.I did well in English. ( ) 5.He talked loudly in the classroom yesterday. ( ) 考点 2.基本句型二：Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）系动词主要是be. 但还有一些动词有些时候也可作系动词，有人称之为半系动词。I. 如何辨别系动词有些动词既可作连系动词，又可以作实义动词。如何来辨别呢？有一个最简便的方法，即用连系动词 be替换句子中的这些动词，句子仍然成立就是连系动词；反之，不能替换的，就是行为动词。如：① She looks beautiful. (looks 变为 is之后，她是美丽的，句意没有大的变化，looks是系动词 )。Look at the picture.(look 不能换为 be, look 为实义动词。 ) ② He felt the book with his right hand.(feel 是“摸”的意思，不能换为w...
