被动语态PassiveVoice•activevoiceVSpassivevoice•主语是动作的执行者为主动语态；主语是动作的承受者为被动语态。simplesentence•基本句型一:S+V(主+谓)•基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表)•基本句型三:S+V+DO(主+谓+宾)•基本句型四:S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)•基本句型五:S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补)•若宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词为感官动词和使役动词：feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watch•老师让我走出教室。•Theteachermademegooutoftheclassroom.•Iwasmadetogooutoftheclassroombytheteacher.•我们看见他在操场踢球。•Wesawhimplayfootballontheplayground.•Hewasseentoplayfootballontheplayground.•情态动词+be+过去分词，构成被动语态。•煤炭可以在工农业中被用来发电。•Coalcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityforagricultureandindustry.•双宾语•他给我买了本书。•Heboughtmeabook.•Abookwasboughtformebyhim.•他给了我一本书。•Hegavemeabook.•Abookwasgiventomebyhim.•短语动词的被动语态•短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或者副词。如：makeuseof,payattentionto,takecareof•这是一张已经建造在我家乡的发电站的照片。•Thisisaphotoofthepowerstationthathasbeensetupinmyhometown.•我妹妹将由我奶奶照顾。•Mysisterwillbetakencareofbygrandma.•这种事以前从未听说过。•Suchathinghasneverbeenheardofbefore.•我们一定要好好利用时间。•Timemustbemadeuseofbyus.•宾语+定语一起被转移到主语位置，但是状语或宾补仍留在原处。•我们称移动中的空气为“风”。•Wecalltheairinmotionwind.•Theairinmotioniscalledwindbyus.•我们将在长江上建一座新桥。•WewillbuildanewbridgeovertheYangtzeRiver.•AnewbridgewillbebuiltovertheYangtzeRiver.•let的用法•当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to的不定式。•陌生人被放走了。•Theyletthestrangergo.•Thestrangerwasletgo.•若let后宾补较长时，let通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit代替。•护士允许我进医院看我同学。•Thenurseletmegotoseemyclassmateinthehospital.•Iwasallowed/permittedtoseemyclassmateinthehospital.•表示“据说”或“相信”的词组•据说itissaidthat…•据报道itisreportedthat…•大家相信itisbelievedthat…•大家希望itishopedthat…•众所周知itiswellknownthat…•大家认为itisthoughtthat…•据建议itissuggestedthat…•被视为理所当然itistakenforgrantedthat…•大家决定ithasbeendecidedthat…•务必记住的是itmustberememberedthat…•不用被动语态的情况•不及物动词或者动词短语无被动语态：appear,die,disappear,end,fail,happen,last,lieremain,sit,spread,stand,breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace•价格已经上涨。•Thepricehasrisen.•价格已经被抬高了。•Thepricehasbeenraised.•这起事故发生在上周。•Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.•不能用于被动语态的及物动词或者动词短语：fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch,agreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto•这把钥匙正配这把锁。•Thiskeyjustfitsthelock.•你的故事和已经听说的那个很吻合。•Yourstoryagreeswithwhathasalreadybeenheard.•系动词无被动语态：appear,be,come,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn•听起来不错。•Itsoundsgood.•当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。•她喜欢游泳。•（正）Shelikestoswim.•（误）Toswimislikedbyher.•主动形式表示被动意义•wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,drive…•这本书很畅销。•Thebooksellswell.•这刀子很锋利。•Thisknifecutseasily.•blame,remain,keep,build•我要对这次事故负责。•Iwastoblamefortheaccident.•有许多工作要完成。•Muchw...
