九年级英语第一单元语法讲解与测试VIP专享VIP免费

1 Unit1 How do you study for a test? 一、 语法讲解 （一） 现在完成时态 1．结构：have/ has ＋ 过去分词 2．意义：⑴已完成：①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与 already, just , yet（用于否定句和疑问句）连用，谓语动词用瞬时动词； Have you finished your work yet？你完成了你的工作了吗？ Yes, I have. I have just finished it. 是的。我刚刚完成了。 I have already finished it . 我已经完成了。 ②强调直到现在为止的生活经历，常与 ever（用于否定句和疑问句）, never , (only)one, twice, three times 等连用，可以用 how many times 提问，谓语动词用延续性动词。 Have you ever been to China? 你曾经去过中国吗？ No, I have never been there. 没有，我从来也没有去过。 ⑵未完成：表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去。常与 for 短语，since 短语或 since 从句连用，可以用 how long 提问。谓语动词用延续性动词。 如：（for + 时间段，since + 时间点，since +一段时间+ago，since+从句） Miss Zhao has taught maths for five years. 赵老师教数学五年了。 His mother has worked in the shop since 1990. 他妈妈从 1990 年起就在这家商店上班。 ③ 注：非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和 for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。 应转为相应的延续性动词。 如： I have bought a pen.------ I have had a pen for 2 weeks. The dog has died.------- The dog has been dead since last week. 非延续性性动词转延续性动词的规律 1 、用意义相同或相近的延续性动词替代。如： borrow→ keep, buy→ have, become → be, get up→ be up, fall ill → be ill, put on→ wear, come here → be here, go there → be there, get to know → know, go (get) out → be out, fall asleep→ be asleep, get/catch a cold→ have a cold 2 、用“be+形容词”替代。如：die→ be dead, open→ be open，end/finish → be over, 3 、用“be+介词或副词”替代。如： begin/start→ be on, join→ be in/be a member of,...