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4.1 INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR Investigating how structures behave is an important part of structural design: it provides a basis for ensuring the adequacy and safety of a design, In this section I discuss structural investigation in general. As I do throughout this book. I focus on material relevant to structural design tasks. Purpose of Investigation Most structures exist because they are needed. Any evaluation of a structure thus must begin with an analysis of how effectively the structure meets the usage requirements. Designers must consider the following three factors:  Functionality. or the general physical relationships of the structure's form. detail. durability. fire resistance. deformation resistance. and so on.  Feasibility. including cost. availability of materials and products. and practicality of construction.  Safety. or capacity 10 resist anticipated loads. Means An investigation of a fully defined structure involves the following: 1. Determine the structure's physical being-materials, form, scale. orientation. location. support conditions, and internal character and detail. 2. Determine the demands placed on the structure-that is. loads. 3. Determine the structure's deformation limits. 4. Determine the structure's load response-how it handles internal forces and stresses and significant deformations. 5. Evaluate whether the structure can safely handle the required structural tasks. Investigation may take several forms. You can  Visualize graphically the structure's deformation under load.  Manipulate mathematical models.  Test the structure or a scaled model, measuring its responses to loads. When precise quantitative evaluations are required. use mathematical models based on reliable...