定语从句一．定语从句的理解： 用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语：a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red 如果定语是句子，便称为定语从句。I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简朴句) →I know the girl who is in red. （定语从句）被修饰的词是_______________。这个词就称为先行词。其中连接两个句子的是______________， 称为关系词。关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当________________。附：关系词与先行词的关系：关系词和先行词亲密有关，由于关系词用来指代先行词，并且在从句中充当一定的成分。定语从句中惯用的关系词有：关系代词 who / whom (先行词表达人) which (先行词表达物) that / whose (先行词表达人或物) 关系代词在从句中可充当主语，宾语或定语；能够和介词连用的关系代词：whom, which （on which, with whom, for which…）关系副词 when (表达时间) where (表达地点) why (表达因素) 关系副词在从句中充当状语。二．按关系词种类学习 1．由 that 引导的定语从句普通状况下 that 可指人或物，能够替代 who，whom 和 which，但不能置于介词之后。如：The man that（who）is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker．正在会上讲话的那个人是个先进工人。Is this the doctor that（whom）you talked about yesterday？这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗？The letter that（which）I received yesterday was from my father．昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的。2．由 who，whom 和 whose 引导的定语从句who 在从句中作主语,有时也能够替代 whom 做宾语；whom 在从句中作宾语；whose 在从句中作定语。如：This is the thief who stole my bike．这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。He is the boy whom you wanted to find．他就是你想要找的那个男孩。The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside．妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。3．由 which 引导的定语从句which 指物，在从句中作主语或作谓语动词的宾语。如：The book which Mum bought me last week is very good．妈妈上周买给我的那本书较好。 The house which was built last year belongs to...
