第 2 讲 句法类错误★ 错误类型 1 主谓一致错误1. 【解析】 include→includes 。考查主谓一致。前面的 that 作主语 , 是一个单数 , 谓语动词应用单数。2. 【解析】 was→were 。考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知 , 此句是倒装句 , 句子主语是 voices or cars, 是复数 , 谓语动词也应用复数。3. 【解析】 were→was 。考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知 , 句子主语是 The man, 是单数 , 谓语动词应用单数。【技法点金】1. 判断主语是关键(1) 可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。(2) 动词 -ing 形式、不定式或名词性从句作主语时 , 谓语动词一般用单数。注意 : 名词性从句表示复数概念时 , 谓语动词应用复数。(3) 遵循就近原则常见的有 : either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . , there be 等。(4) 遵循就远原则常见的有 : together with, as well as, but, except 等。(5) 在倒装句中要找出句子的主语从而判断谓语动词的单复数。(6) 定语从句中的谓语动词要与定语从句所修饰的先行词保持一致。2. 附加成分是难点对于分隔现象 , 可利用“减一减”原则 : 先从整体上把握主干 , 再去掉句子中的插入语、附加成分等分隔干扰部分 , 使结构简化。【过关检测】1. (2019· 滁州一模 )The purposes of the program is to make our school more beautiful, and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in. ( )is→are2. (2019· 洛阳三模 )Though my parents often ask her to quit the work, my grandma never listen. ( )listen→listens3. Selling newspapers not only makes some money but also give us some working experience during the summer vacation. ( ) 4. I, who is your teacher, will do my best to help you. ( )give→givesis→am★ 错误类型 2 从句或固定句型误用1. 【解析】 what→that/which 。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知 . . . is created for them 为定语从句 , 修饰先行词 the historical environment, 先行词在定语从句中作主语 , 应用 that 或 which 。2. 【解析】去掉 much 。考查固定句型。此处是 so. . . that...
