并列句 (一)何谓并列结构 一个英语句子有时候具有两个或两个以上相互连接而又属于同一层次即具有相同句法功能的语言结构,这种结构称为并列结构
并列结构通常用并列连词来连接两个或两个以上平行的词、词组或分词: Are we to have the speech contest today or tomorrow
(并列连词or 连接两个平行的单词) You can go to Beijing either by train or by plane
(并列连词either„or 连接两个平行的词组) Hurry up, or we shall be late for the lecture
(or 连接两句分句) 并列成分有时候不用逗号而用连词加以连接;一般讲,逗号用来连接平行的单词居多: Fuel, rice, oil, salt——these are chief daily necessities of life
(柴米油盐——这些是主要的生活日用品
) 在现代英语里,逗号常被用来连接两个短的独立分句,如 He is absent, he is ill
实际上,这两个简短的独立分句含有因果关系,这个逗号等于从属连词because,用逗号来取代使引文更为简炼
(二)并列连词和连接性副词的区别 引导并列结构的并列连词有and, or, but, so, for, nor 等,并列连词包括关联连词both„and, either„or,neither„nor,not only„but also, as well as, as much as 等
并列连词也包括连接性副词,如 however, hence, therefore, besides, moreover, yet, anyway, consequently, still, nevertheless, all th