英语中的修辞手法1.明喻 (Simile) 明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系， 两者都在对比中出现， 其基本格式是 “A像 B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。例如：●He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushedsintoshis wrinkled face. ●The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (支票跌落到地上，像一只断了翅膀的小鸟。) ●Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.（正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。）I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻，把德国士兵比作蝗虫，因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。 ) 2.暗喻 (Metaphor) 暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。例如：●What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? ( 如果没有这位电子保姆，父母该怎么办呢？ )形象地说明了电视机的保姆功用。●... while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.( ⋯⋯但是我们中的很多人太容易给别人批评的冷风，而不愿意给自己的同伴赞扬的阳光。)作者把批评比作冷风，把赞扬比作温暖的阳光，●will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.（我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。）●Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧， 孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。) ●Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding.（每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的种子，浪漫之花含苞待放。）●German guns and...
