v-ing作状语用法Learningaims:1.ThefunctionsofV-ingformasadverbial.2.ThetestingpointsofV-ingformasadverbialinthecollageentranceexamination.1.Wesatintheclassroom,listeningtotheteachercarefully.2.Ifworkinghard,wecanallachieveourdreams.3.TheheavyrainlastedforamonthinXiamen,causingalotofdamage.4.HavingstarredinYou,WhoComesfromtheStar，Mr.Kimbecomessopopular.5.HearingthenewsthatMr.Kimwouldcometoourschool,wecouldn'thelpjumpingwithjoy.6.Mr.Kimcametoourschool,takingthehelicopter.FunctionofV-ingformasadverbial伴随状语条件状语结果状语原因状语时间状语方式状语V-ing的构成V-ing是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，表示与主语主动关系。V-ing同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）主动形式被动形式一般式完成式doingBeingdoneHavingdoneHavingbeendoneV-ing的一般式和完成式：V-ing的一般式的动作表示和后面句子的动作是同时进行的动作；完成式的动作是先于后面句子的动作发生。如：Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。-ingV的否定形式是由not/never加V-ing构成。如：不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。Notknowinghisaddress,Icoulddonothingbutstayathomeandwait.V-ing的被动式V-ing的被动式表示与主句的主语是被动关系。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，被动式有一般被动式(beingdone)和完成被动式(havingbeendone)。如：被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。（Havingbeencriticized）bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.现在分词作状语现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的的状语（通常用不定式表目的的状语）。1）表时间状语V-ing短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。注意：现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生有时可由连词when,while引出。如：Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.2)表原因状语（相当于一个原因状语从句）Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.1.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.）2.既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。3.由于想到他或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)3)表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语地分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个动作，或是与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动作（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。Eg.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=HesatonthesofaandwatchedTV.)他们笑着谈着走进了教室。__________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。He_______________________thewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalkingstoodleaningagainst4)表结果Eg.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,__________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong（表意料之中的结果）5)表条件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themen...
