电脑桌面
添加小米粒文库到电脑桌面
安装后可以在桌面快捷访问

TPO48阅读文本答案翻译

TPO48阅读文本答案翻译_第1页
1/19
TPO48阅读文本答案翻译_第2页
2/19
TPO48阅读文本答案翻译_第3页
3/19
TPO-48Chinese Population GrowthIncreases in population have usually been accompanied (indeed facilitated) by an increase intrade. In the Western experience, commerce provided the conditions that allowed industrializationto get started, which in turn led to growth in science, technology, industry, transport,communications, social change, and the like that we group under the broad term of “development.”However, the massive increase in population that in Europe was at first attributed toindustrialization starting in the eighteenth century occurred also and at the same period in China,even though there was no comparable industrialization.It is estimated that the Chinese population by 1600 was close to 150 million. The transitionbetween the Ming and Qing dynasties (the seventeenth century) may have seen a decline, but from1741 to 1851 the annual figures rose steadily and spectacularly, perhaps beginning with 143million and ending with 432 million. If we accept these totals, we are confronted with a situationin which the Chinese population doubled in the 50 years from 1790 to 1840. If, with greatercaution, we assume lower totals in the early eighteenth century and only 400 million in 1850, westill face a startling fact: something like a doubling of the vast Chinese population in the centurybefore Western contact, foreign trade, and industrialization could have had much effect.To explain this sudden increase we cannot point to factorsconstant in Chinese society butmust find conditions or a combination of factors that were newly effective in this period. Amongthese is the almost complete internal peace maintained under Manchu rule during the eighteenthcentury. There was also an increase in foreign trade through Guangzho...

1、当您付费下载文档后,您只拥有了使用权限,并不意味着购买了版权,文档只能用于自身使用,不得用于其他商业用途(如 [转卖]进行直接盈利或[编辑后售卖]进行间接盈利)。
2、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。
3、如文档内容存在违规,或者侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权等,请点击“违规举报”。

碎片内容

TPO48阅读文本答案翻译

确认删除?
VIP
微信客服
  • 扫码咨询
会员Q群
  • 会员专属群点击这里加入QQ群
客服邮箱
回到顶部