页 1帕金森相关英文词汇小结Chapter56Parkinson'sDisease帕金森1. Parkinson'sdisease(PD)帕金森2.Highlycharacteristicneuropathologicfindings有高度特异性的神经病理学特征3. Clinicalpresentation临床表现4. Motordeficits运动障碍5. Mentaldeterioration精神状态恶化6. hallmarkfeatures特征7. substantianigraparscompacta黑质致密部(Substantia=物质；nigra=黑；parscompacta=密部,SNc)8. Lossofneurons神经元缺失9. PresenceofLewybodies出现路易小体（神经细胞内蛋白非正常聚集,H&E 染色嗜酸性，特征高密度圆心，周围伴放射性纤维（约 10nm））图片来源 wikipedia10. apositivecorrelationbetweenthedegreeofnigrostriataldopaminelossandseverityofmotorsymptoms黑质纹状体多巴胺减少与运动症状的严重程度呈正相关11. PDisrelativelyasymptomaticuntilprofounddepletion(70—80%)ofsubstantianigraparscompactaneuronshasoccurred 初始无症状，直至黑质纹状体神经元大量减少(超过 70-80%)才会出现症状12. dopamine-1anddopamine-2receptors 多巴胺-1 和多巴胺-2 受体13. Reducedactivation激活降低14. greaterinhibitionofthethalamus 丘脑抑制增加图片来源：https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-does-the-Thalamus-do.aspx15. Clinicalimprovementmaybemoretiedtorestoringactivityatthedopamine-2receptorthanatthedopamine-1receptor.与多巴胺-1 受体相比，临床治疗疗效与多巴胺-2 受体活性恢复有关16.Lossofpresynapticnigrostriataldopamineneuronsresultsininhibitionofthalamicactivityandreducedactivationofthemotorcortex.突触前黑质纹状体多巴胺神经元的缺失造成丘页 2脑活性抑制，从而造成运动皮层激活降低17. PDdevelopsinsidiouslyandprogressesslowlyPD 发病缓慢，不易察觉18. Initialsymptomsmaybesensory 首发症状以感觉神经系统为主19. Classicprimaryfeatures典型症状20. Restingtremor静止性震颤（主动肌与拮抗肌交替收缩引起的节律性震颤，即病人在安静状态或全身肌肉放松时出现，表现更明显）21. Solepresentingcomplaint患者唯一的主诉/症状22. bradykinesia运动迟缓（brady-缓；kinesia-运动）23. Posturalinstabilitythatmayleadtofalls 姿 态不稳，常导致摔倒（无法保持平衡）24. However,onlytwothirdsofPDpatientshavetremorondiagnosis,andsomeneverdevelopt...
