考点、难点全剖析 — 现在完成时 — 一、现在完成时的含义 表示到目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态。 二、现在完成时的结构 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词 ★肯定句：主语+ have/ has + 过去分词done 否定句：主语+ have/ has + not + 过去分词done 一般疑问句：Have/ Has + 主语+ 过去分词done Yes, 主语+ have/ has. No, 主语+ haven’t /hasn’t （划重点，这个经常在单选中出现） ★过去分词： 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： ① 一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”: work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited ②以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”: live---lived---lived , ③以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”: study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried ④重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”: stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2. 不规则动词 AAA 型 burst burst burst hurt hurt hurt let let let cut cut cut cost cost cost hit hit hit put put put set set set shut shut shut spread spread spread read read read(read 原形和过去分词发音为/ri:d/,过去式发音为/red/) AAB 型 beat beat beaten ABA become became become run ran run come came come ABB 型 bring brought brought buy bought bought build built built burn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dug feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found hear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led lose lost lost make made made meet met met sell sold sold shoot shot shot sit sat sat stand stood stood sweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won won ABC 型 begin began begun blow blew blown break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove driven drink drank drunk fly flew flown write wrote written forget forgot ...
