1.Inthepast,peoplespenttheirentirelivesdoingonejob.Butnowadays,theychangetheirjobsfrequently.Pleasegivethereasonsandyoursuggestions.nowadaysthousandsofemployeesmovefromonejobtoanotherinrapidsuccession.Conventionalreasonspeoplegiveforjobhoppingincludelousybosses,miserablesalariesandhostileworkenvironments.Yetthefundamentalreasonhasalwaysbeenhiddenandthusignoredbythegeneralpublic.Thejobhoppingfrenzycanbeattributedmainlytotheremarkablesocialchangestakingplacenowadays.Neitheremployersnoremployeesdirectlylinklongservicewithloyaltynow.Employersnolongerthinkthatthenumberofemployersanindividualhasworkedforprovidedthebestmeasureofloyalty.Thismeansthereisscopeforemployeestoswitchjobswithrelativeeaseandtakechargeoftheirownprogressionanddevelopmentattheirownpace.Itshouldbenoticedthatsometimesemployeeschoosetoleavebecausetheyfindthatthejobsortheworkplacesarefarfromwhattheyhaveexpected.Theworkinghoursarenotaspromised,trainingorpromotionsdon’tcomethrough,andmanagersmayhavemisrepresentedpayoffers.Tonarrowexpectations,HRmanagersshouldsamplejobexperiencesbeforetheinterviewtogivejobcandidatesamorecompletepictureaboutworkinginthecompany.单词注释：distressing:adj.使苦恼的，使烦恼的；frenzy：n.疯狂traumatic:adj.痛苦的progressive：adj.稳步发展得，进步的succession：n.连续，连续性irresistible：adj.不可抵抗的，不能压制的lousy：adj.非常糟的，极坏的irretrievable:adj.不能挽回的，不能复原的miserable：adj.少得可怜的，极少的comethrough：传出，公布hostile：adj.有阻碍的，不利的misrepresent：v.歪曲，不如实地叙述fundamental：adj.根本的，基本的sample：vt.取样，采样2.Whatarethemaintasksofuniversities:toofferstudentsknowledgeandskillsessentialfortheirfuturecareer,ortoprovidestudentswithaccesstoknowledgeitself?Whatdoyouthinkuniversityeducationshouldcontain?Universitiesaroundtheworldarenowfacingtheproblemofhowtoefficientlyusetheirresourcestoservealargerpopulationofstudentsthataremoreculturallyandsociallydiversified.Tosolvetheproblem,universitiesshouldbeperfectlyawareoftheirmaintasks：providingstudentswitheasyaccesstoknowledgeand,atthesametime,encouragingthemtomakeactivecontributiontotheadvancementofhumanknowledge.Universitiesshould,firstofall,belearningcommunitieswhereknowledgeisnotonlydisseminatedbutalsoadvanced.Asfull-fledgedmembersofthiscommunity,studentsshouldnotbeinformationrecipientswholearntheknowledgeinapassiveway.Instead,theyshouldbechallengedtoachievetheirpotentialand,indeed,toexcel.Therefore,ratherthanfocusmerelyonknowledgedisseminationandtransfer,universitiesshouldcontrivetoprovidelearningconditionsthatencouragestudentstoremaincurious,tovaluediversityinopinionsandperspectives,andtothinkcriticallyandcommunicateeffectively.Inthisway,studentscangainproblem-solvingexperienceandconfidence.Furthermore,universitieswillneverattaintheirgoalsiftheytailoralltheircoursesorprogramstomeettheneedsofspecificemployersoroccupationalsectors.Today’ssocialenvironmentismoredynamicandturbulentthaneverbefore.Onlythosegraduateswhopossesscertainpersonalitytraitsandcandowellindiversifiedsituationscandistinguishthemselvesfromotherjobapplicants.Inordertofulfillthemaintasksofuniversities,universityeducationshouldcontainamplyopportunitiesforindependentlearningwhichcancultivatestudentswhoaremorelikelytoadapttothechangingsociety.Studentscanalsolearntoexercisetheirautonomymoreeffectivelyandtheymayclarifytheirownprofessionalintere...
