- 1 - 语料驱动的微观修辞操作与英语写作教学研究 English Rhetorical Dev ices 英语中的修辞与汉语的修辞相比，分类细，种类多。下面将英语中的修辞（部分）简单介绍如下： 1. Simile 明喻. 【英释】It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. 【汉释】明喻是一种表现一事物像另一事物的修辞格。说得通俗点，也就是打比方，即把要描述的事物——本体（A）用比喻词与另一种具有鲜明的同一特征的事物——喻体（B）联系起来。常用的比喻词有 as(如),like(像),seem(似乎),as if(好像),as through(好像),such as(像„„一样)等。其基本格式是“A is like B”或“A is as„„as B”。 【例句】①He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. ②I wandered lonely as a cloud. ③Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. ④My heart is like a singing bird. ⑤O my love's like a red, red rose. 2. Metaphor 暗喻,隐喻. 【英释】It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. 【汉释】暗喻是本体和喻体同时出现，它们之间在形式上是相合的关系，说甲（本体）是（喻词）乙（喻体）。喻词常由：是、就是、成了、成为、变成等表判断的词语来充当，不用 like或 as 等表示出来,而是进行隐藏的比较。暗喻又叫隐喻。 【例句】①Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. ②Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. ③She is a woman with a stony heart. ④Mark Twain is a mirror of America. ⑤He is a pig. 3. Metony my 转喻,借喻. 【英释】It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing fo...
