睡过头忘记工作的检讨书we’veallbeenthere。it’sbeenalongweekatwork,sofridaynight,yourewardyourselfbygoingtobedearlyandsleepingin.butwhenyouwakeupthenextmorning(orafternoon),lightscathesyoureyes,andyourlimbsfeellikethey’refilledwithsand.yourbrainisstilllyingdownandyouevenhavefaintheadache.iftoolittlesleepisaproblem,thenwhyisextrasleepaterriblesolution。我们都有过这种体验。辛劳工作了漫长的一周后,为了好好犒劳自己,周五早早上床,然后睡个自然醒。但是第二天一大早(或者一觉睡到下午)起床的时候,只觉得阳光刺眼,四肢像灌了铅一样。大脑昏昏沉沉,甚至感觉头部隐隐作痛。如果睡得太少是个问题的话,那么为什么睡多了也那么糟糕。oversleepingfeelssomuchlikeahangoverthatscientistscallitsleepdrunkenness.but,unlikethebruteforceneurologicaldamagecausedbyalcohol,yourmisguidedattempttostockuponrestmakesyoufeelsluggishbyconfusingthepartofyourbrainthatcontrolsyourbody’sdailycycle.睡过头的感觉跟宿醉之后的感觉极为相似,科学家们称之为“睡醉”。但是,与酒精对神经系统所造成的强烈损伤不同,睡过头这种错误行径所导致的身体行动迟缓,是由于控制身体日常循环的那部分大脑神经被混乱的作息混淆所导致的。yourinternalrhythmsaresetbyyourcircadianpacemaker,agroupofcellsclusteredinthehypothalamus,aprimitivelittlepartofthebrainthatalsocontrolshunger,thirst,andsweat.primarilytriggeredbylightsignalsfromyoureye,thepacemakerfiguresoutwhenit’smorningandsendsoutchemicalmessageskeepingtherestofthecellsinyourbodyonthesameclock.身体的内部节奏是提前设定好的,会根据人体内在的生理起搏器、下丘脑部的一系列神经簇还有大脑控制饥饿、口渴和出汗的那一小部分基元来共同作出决定。在昼夜节律系统的生物钟中,生理起搏器主要根据眼部所接收的光线来判断清晨的第1页共4页时间,然后向身体的其他部分发送化学信号告知该时间。scientistsbelievethatthepacemakerevolvedtotellthecellsinourbodieshowtoregulatetheirenergyonadailybasis.whenyousleeptoomuch,you’rethrowingoffthatbiologicalclock,anditstartstellingthecellsadifferentstorythanwhatthey’reactuallyexperiencing,inducingasenseoffatigue.youmightbecrawlingoutofbedat11am,butyourcellsstartedusingtheirenergycycleatseven.thisissimilartohowjetlagworks.科学家们相信:进化后的生理起搏器会告知身体细胞,每日如何管理调节自身能量。如果你睡得过久,就会脱离正常的生物钟,导致生理起搏器对身体细胞发出的讯号与以往实际体验中的不同,包括对疲劳的感觉。你可能在早上11点才从床上爬起来,但是你的身体细胞从早上7点就开始进行能量循环了。这与时差所导致的情况十分相似。butoversleepisn’tjustgoingtoruinyoursaturdayhike.ifyou’reoversleepingontheregular,youcouldbeputtingyourselfatriskfordiabetes,heartdisease,andobesity.harvard’smassivenurseshealthstudyfoundthatpeoplewhoslept9to11hoursanightdevelopedmemoryproblemsandweremorelikelytodevelopheartdiseasethanpeoplewhosleptasolideight.(undersleepersareatanevenbiggerrisk).otherstudieshavelinkedoversleeptodiabetes,obesity,andevenearlydeath.但是睡过头毁掉的可不仅仅是你周末的远足计划而已。如果你经常性的睡过头,就有可能罹患糖尿病、心脏病还有肥胖症。哈佛的护士健康研究有大量数据显示:一晚上睡9到11个小时的人,比起长期睡够8小时的人,更有可能出现记忆力的问题和心脏疾病(睡得更少的人则会有更大的问题)。其他研究表明:睡过头与糖尿病、肥胖症甚至早逝有所关联。oversleepdoesn’tjusthappenasamisguidedattemptatrewardingyourself.theharvardnursesstudyestimatedthatchronicoversleepaffectsabout4percentofthepopulation.thesearegenerallypeoplewhoworkoddhours,haveanuncomfortablesleepsituation,orasleepi...