Unit1LanguageandLearningLIHowdowelearnlanguage?WelearnlanguagediffcrcmagersPeoplehavediffcrcnlexperiencesPeoplelearnlanguagesfo 「 differedreasons PeoplelearnlnnguavesindiftQreniwaYsPeoplehavediftcrenicapabiliiicsinlanguageleaniingLearningcanbeaffeebedby 【 hewayhowlai 也 ua^eis 【 aughi Learningisaffectedby(hedegreeofsuccessoneisexpectloachieve.Thus(IKchallengeconfrontinglanguage(^achingishow[cachingmethodologycan^n$un?successfullearningbyallthelearneiswhohavemoredifferencestha.iithecommonality.L2Whatarethemajorviewsoflanguage?1) Sirucluralview:Languageisalinguisticsystemmadeupofvarioussubsystems:phonology,morphology,lexicologyandsyntacx・Tolearnalanguageis(olearnitsvocabularyandstructuralrules・2) Functionalview:LanguageisalinguislicSystemaswell“Sameansk ) 「 doingihiriQ. LcdrncfSlearnalanguageinordertobeabletodothings,withit(useit).Toperformfunctions,learnersneedtoknowhowtocombinethegrammaticalrulesandthevocabularytoexpressnotionsthatperformthefunctions・3) Interactionalview:Languageisacommunicalive(oollobuildupandmaintainsocialrelationsbetweenpeople.Learnersneedtoknowtherulesofalanguageandwhere,whenandhowitisappropriatetousethem・1.3ViewsonLanguageLearningTwobroadlearningtheories：Pnxc$s ・ o 「 icnicd (hcoricsarcconcernedwithhowihcmind0「帥血c$newinformalion.Condiiion-o 『 itn 【 udi_hio 「 ics emphasizethenatureofhumanandphysicalconiexi.Behavioristtheory■B.F.Skinner■Astimulus-responsetheoryofpsychology■Audio-lingualmethod■Theideaofthismethodisthatlanguageislearnedbyconstantrepetitionandthereinforcementoftheteacher.Mistakeswereimmediatelycorrected,andcorrectuttei*anc 亡 swereimmediatelypraised.B.Cognitivetheory■InfluencedbyNoamChomsky(revivalofstructurallinguistics)■Languageasanintricaterule-basedsystem■Alearneracquireslanguagecompetencewhichenableshimtoproducelanguage.■OneintluentialideaofcognitiveapproachtoIan 呂uageteachingisthatstudentsshouldbeallowedlocreatelheirownsentencebasedon(heirownunderskmdingofcertainrule...
