定语从句的概念

一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中做定语，修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面，由关系词引导。 定语从句的结构是：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词 包括(that， which， who，whom， whose）等，关系副词包括(where， when， why)等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。（主语和宾语等） Eg: 1. Do you know the boy that/who is from Japan. （主语） 2. I don’t like the book that/ which is boring. (主语) 3.I don’t know the time when we will start.(状语) 三、学习关系代词 that, who, which, whose 的用法 1. Do you know the boy that/who is from Japan. （主语） 2. the man （that/who） I talked with just now is my teacher. (宾语) 先行词 关 系 词代词 作用 能 否省略 人 that, who 主语, 宾语 否 能 物 that, which 主语, 宾语 否 能 人或物 that whose 主 语 , 宾语 定语 否 3. I don’t like the book (that/ which) is boring. (主语) 4. The bike （that/ which） I borrowed yesterday is Kangkang’s. (宾语) 5. I have a pen whose color is black. (定语) 6. I know the boy whose father is a teacher. （定语） 练习 Ⅱ. 用适当的关系代词 that， which， who， whom填空。 1. The thing ______you must do is to have a meal. 2. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west. 3. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends. 4. The house _____we live in is very old. 5. Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now？ 四、关系代词只能用 that 的情况： 1.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用 that. 例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 2.当先行词为 all，any，much，everything，anything...