定语从句讲解

定语从句讲解 定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,起着形容词的作用,因此又称形容词性从句.定语从句所修饰的词称为先行词. 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。 引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。 一、关系代词和关系副词 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why。 注意：关系副词里面没有 how。 如果要修饰方式 way，用that或in which 引导，或者不用引导词。（主表不能省略，状宾可省略） 关系代词和关系副词在从句中担任的句子成分,其作用如下表:后附. 定语从句引导词的选择有两种方式:一是看先行词是人还是物;二是看引导词在从句中担任的成分. 二、关系代词that 和which 的区别： 1．只用that 的情况有： 1）先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much，none,the one,something 等不定代词时。 He told me everything that he knews. 2)先行词被 all,any, every,each,much,little,no,some,few，just,one of等修饰时。 You can borrow any book that you want to read. 3)先行词由形容词最高级和序数词修饰时。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 4)先行词既指人又指物时。 We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. 5)先行词被 the only, the every修饰时。 He is the only man that I want to see. 6)被修饰词为数词时。 He bought two cats yesterday. Now I can see the two that are playing in the garden. 7)如果两个从句，其中一个关系代词用 which，另一个要用 that ，以避免重复。 He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 8)句中有 who，为了避免重复。 Who is the man that is making a speech? 9)主句是 there be 结构，修饰其主语的定语从句用 that. There is a book on the desk that belongs to Frank. 2.只用 which 的情况有： 1）当关系代词前有介词时。 This is the house of which the windows face south. 2)引导非限制性定语从句。 His dog, which was very old, became ill. 3)先行词是that, those 时 What’s that which was bright in the car? 4）一个句子有两个定语从句...