考研英语：翻译真题精练精讲一、全真试题Almostallourmajorproblemsinvolvehumanbehavior，andtheycannotbesolvedbyphysicalandbiologicaltechnologyalone.Whatisneededisatechnologyofbehavior，butwehavebeenslowtodevelopthesciencefromwhichsuchatechnologymightbedrawn.61）Onedifficultyisthatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralsciencecontinuestotracebehaviortostatesofmind，feelings，traitsofcharacter，humannature，andsoon.Physicsandbiologyoncefollowedsimilarpracticesandadvancedonlywhentheydiscardedthem.62）Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochangepartlybecausetheexplanatoryitemsoftenseemtobedirectlyobservedandpartlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.Theenvironmentisobviouslyimportant，butitsrolehasremainedobscure.Itdoesnotpushorpull，itselects，andthisfunctionisdifficulttodiscoverandanalyze.63）Theroleofnaturalselectioninevolutionwasformulatedonlyalittlemorethanahundredyearsago，andtheselectiveroleoftheenvironmentinshapingandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognizedandstudied.Astheinteractionbetweenorganismandenvironmenthascometobeunderstood，however，effectsonceassignedtostatesofmind，feelings，andtraitsarebeginningtobetracedtoaccessibleconditions，andatechnologyofbehaviormaythereforebecomeavailable.Itwillnotsolveourproblems，however，untilitreplacestraditionalprescientificviews，andthesearestronglyentrenched.Freedomanddignityillustratethedifficulty.64）Theyarethepossessionsoftheautonomous（self-governing）manoftraditionaltheory，andtheyareessentialtopracticesinwhichapersonisheldresponsibleforhisconductandgivencreditforhisachievements.Ascientificanalysisshiftsboththeresponsibilityandtheachievementtotheenvironment.Italsoraisesquestionsconcerning“values”.Whowilluseatechnologyandtowhatends?65）Untiltheseissuesareresolved，atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected，andwithitpossiblytheonlywaytosolveourproblems.二、翻译题解（61）Onedifficultyisthatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralsciencecontinuestotracebehaviortostatesofmind,feelings,traitsofcharacter,humannature,andsoon.句子拆分：拆分点参考：从属连词，谓语动词Onedifficultyis//thatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralscience//continuestotracebehaviortostatesofmind,feelings,traitsofcharacter,humannature,andsoon.解析：（1）主干结构是Onedifficultyisthat...（2）almostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralscience是表语从句中的主语部分，后面是简单的谓语和宾语结构。词的处理：continuestotracebehaviorto...继续针对……研究行为behavioralscience行为科学statesofmind心态，意识状态feelings感情traitsofcharacter性格特点技巧点拨：（1）what和that引导的名词性从句直接翻译均可，无需调整顺序。（2）减词法：短语statesofmind（心理状态）、traitsofcharacter（性格特征）、humannature（人类本性）均可以采用减词法，分别翻译成两个字的形式：“心态”“性格”“人性”，朗朗上口，符合汉语对仗的习惯。完整译文：难题之一在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格（特征）、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。（62）Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochangepartlybecausetheexplanatoryitemsoftenseemtobedirectlyobservedandpartlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.句子拆分：拆分点参考：连词Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochange//partlybecausetheexplanatoryitemsoftenseemtobedirectlyobservedand//partlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.解析：（1）主句是Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochange。（2）and连接两个并列的原因状语从句：pa...
