精品文档---下载后可任意编辑定语从句与宾语从句定语从句一. 定语从句的基本概念 在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that 和关系副词 where, when, why。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 例:This is the boy who often helps me.二. 关系代词和关系副词的功能 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语,关系副词可作状语。1. 作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。 例:I don’t like people who talk much but do little.2. 作宾语 例:She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.3. 作定语:关系代词 whose 在定语从句中作定语用。 例:What’s the name of the young man whose father is a doctor4. 作状语 例:I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.三. 关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。 例:The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略。 例:Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate3. whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。 例:The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.4. which 指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可省略。 例:A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.精品文档---下载后可任意编辑5. that 多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可省略。 例:Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there6. when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语。 例:I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.7. where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语。 例:The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.【注意】关系代词 whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将...